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Spatial differences in ambient coarse and fine particles in the Monterrey metropolitan area, Mexico: Implications for source contribution
| Content Provider | Scilit |
|---|---|
| Author | Mancilla, Y. Paniagua, I. Y. Hernandez Mendoza, A. |
| Copyright Year | 2019 |
| Abstract | The ambient air of the Monterrey Metropolitan Area in Mexico frequently exhibits high levels of $PM_{10}$ and $PM_{2.5}$. However, no information exists on the chemical composition of coarse particles $(PM_{c}$ = $PM_{10}$ – $PM_{2.5}$). A monitoring campaign was conducted during the summer of 2015, during which 24-hour average $PM_{10}$ and $PM_{2.5}$ samples were collected using high volume filter-based instruments to chemically characterize the fine and coarse fraction of the PM. The collected samples were analyzed for anions $(Cl^{–}$, NO_{3}$^{–}$, SO_{4}$^{2–}$), cations $(Na^{+}$, NH_{4}$^{+}$, $K^{+}$), organic carbon (OC), elemental carbon (EC), and 35 trace elements (Al to Pb). During the campaign, the average $PM_{2.5}$ concentrations did not showed significance differences among sampling sites, whereas the average $PM_{c}$ concentrations did. In addition, the $PM_{c}$ accounted for 75% to 90% of the $PM_{10}$ across the MMA. The average contribution of the main chemical species to the total mass indicated that geological material including Ca, Fe, Si and Al (45%) and sulfates (11%) were the principal components of $PM_{c}$, whereas sulfates (54%) and organic matter (30%) were the principal components of $PM_{2.5}$. The OC-to-EC ratio for $PM_{c}$ ranged from 4.4 to 13, whereas that for $PM_{2.5}$ ranged from 3.97 to 6.08. The estimated contribution of Secondary Organic Aerosol (SOA) to the total mass of organic aerosol in $PM_{2.5}$ was estimated to be around 70-80%; for $PM_{c}$, the contribution was lower (20-50%). The enrichment factors (EF) for most of the trace elements exhibited high values for $PM_{2.5}$ (EF: 10–1000) and low values for $PM_{c}$ (EF: 1–10). Given the high contribution of crustal elements and the high values of EFs, $PM_{c}$ is heavily influenced by soil resuspension and $PM_{2.5}$ by anthropogenic sources. Finally, the airborne particles found in the eastern region of the MMA were chemically distinguishable from those in its western region. |
| Related Links | https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.1080/10962247.2018.1549121?needAccess=true |
| Ending Page | 564 |
| Page Count | 17 |
| Starting Page | 548 |
| ISSN | 10962247 |
| e-ISSN | 21622906 |
| DOI | 10.1080/10962247.2018.1549121 |
| Journal | Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association |
| Issue Number | 5 |
| Volume Number | 69 |
| Language | English |
| Publisher | Informa UK Limited |
| Publisher Date | 2019-01-22 |
| Access Restriction | Open |
| Subject Keyword | Journal: Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association Environmental Engineering Pm2.5 Trace Elements Pm10 Mma Pmc Coarse Exhibited High |
| Content Type | Text |
| Resource Type | Article |
| Subject | Atmospheric Science Pollution Waste Management and Disposal Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law |
