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Airborne polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in a medium-sized city affected by preharvest sugarcane burning and inhalation risk for human health
| Content Provider | Scilit |
|---|---|
| Author | Assunção, João V. De Pesquero, Célia R. Nardocci, Adelaide C. Francisco, Ana P. Soares, Nilson S. Ribeiro, Helena |
| Copyright Year | 2014 |
| Description | Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in air were measured in a municipality where sugarcane plantations are extensive, at three sites, one in the city center and two in rural localities. Twenty-four-hour sampling was done using PS1 PUF samplers from Andersen Instruments Inc., at least 1 day per month per site, from June 2009 to October 2009. The chemical analyses were performed by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC/MS) for the 16 most toxic PAHs. The incremental lifetime cancer risk (ILTR) by inhalation was determined by the Monte Carlo method for the urban population using Crystal Ball software. The total concentration of the 16 PAHs at all sites varied from 6.2 to 65.7 ng $m^{−3}$, with an average of 25.9 ± 18.2 ng $m^{−3}$. The average concentrations per site were 14.1 ± 13.0 ng $m^{−3}$ at rural site B, 20.7 ± 11.5 ng $m^{−3}$ at rural site A, and 36.1 ± 22.7 ng $m^{−3}$ at the central site. The cancer risk for infants, children, and adults was approximately 14%, 25%, and 61% of the total IRLT, respectively. The mean (95% upper probability limit [95% UPL]) values were 1.2 × $10^{−7}$ (2.2 × $10^{−7}$) for infants, 2.2 × $10^{−7}$ (4.1 × $10^{−7}$) for children, and 8.9 × $10^{−7}$ (1.1 × $10^{−6}$) for adults. Although the three most abundant PAHs found were phenanthrene, fluoranthene, and pyrene, the three most important contributions to the incremental risk of cancer came from benzo[a]pyrene, benzo[b]fluoranthene, and naphthalene. Compared with the risks in big cities such as São Paulo, this would be low, but not negligible. Analysis of ratios of PAHs according to the literature showed that vehicle exhaust and biomass burning, including sugarcane burning, seem to be the most important contributors to PAH concentrations in the central area of Araraquara City. |
| Related Links | http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.1080/10962247.2014.928242?needAccess=true |
| Ending Page | 1139 |
| Page Count | 10 |
| Starting Page | 1130 |
| ISSN | 10962247 |
| e-ISSN | 21622906 |
| DOI | 10.1080/10962247.2014.928242 |
| Journal | Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association |
| Issue Number | 10 |
| Volume Number | 64 |
| Language | English |
| Publisher | Informa UK Limited |
| Publisher Date | 2014-06-11 |
| Access Restriction | Open |
| Subject Keyword | Journal: Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association Toxicology Children Adults Infants Aromatic Pahs Pyrene Fluoranthene Benzo Polycyclic |
| Content Type | Text |
| Resource Type | Article |
| Subject | Atmospheric Science Pollution Waste Management and Disposal Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law |
