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Functionally Graded Materials
| Content Provider | Scilit |
|---|---|
| Author | Tammas-Williams, Samuel Todd, Iain |
| Copyright Year | 2017 |
| Description | In modern engineering terminology, functionally graded materials (FGMs) refer to an advanced composite consisting of two or more phases. What makes an FGM distinct from a standard composite material is the spatial variation of the phase composition of the FGM, which is deliberately modified with the intention of grading the material properties. Typically, this involves utilizing the inherent properties of each of the constituent phases in order to alter the material response at different locations. Unlike standard composite materials, they do not contain distinct boundaries between the phases. The first example of a modern FGM with a radically altering composition is often considered to be a metallic–ceramic composite developed for a rocket casing in the early 1980s in Japan (Sobczak and Drenchev, 2013). Engineers required a material that could withstand a maximum temperature of 2000 K and a temperature gradient of 1000 K over a 10 mm width, without developing high thermal stresses between interfaces. FGM, also sometimes referred to as compositionally graded material, can also refer to subtler changes in the composition and microstructure of a part. A simple kitchen knife requires only the cutting edge to be hard, while the rest of the material is strong and tough. Again, the defining feature of such material is the grading of the material properties with position. Other examples where FGMs have been used, or have potential to be exploited, are found in aerospace, biomaterials, defense, energy conversion, optoelectronics, and ultrasonic transducers (Jedamzik et al., 2000; Mahamood et al., 2012). Unfortunately, the improved performance is often offset by an increase in manufacturing costs. Book Name: Laser-Based Additive Manufacturing of Metal Parts |
| Related Links | http://www2.esm.vt.edu/~rbatra/pdfpapers/composites2010(450-457).pdf https://content.taylorfrancis.com/books/download?dac=C2015-0-60336-3&isbn=9781315151441&doi=10.1201/9781315151441-7&format=pdf |
| Ending Page | 238 |
| Page Count | 22 |
| Starting Page | 217 |
| DOI | 10.1201/9781315151441-7 |
| Language | English |
| Publisher | Informa UK Limited |
| Publisher Date | 2017-08-09 |
| Access Restriction | Open |
| Subject Keyword | Book Name: Laser-based Additive Manufacturing of Metal Parts Biomedical Engineering Engineering Stresses Fgm Tough Functionally Distinct Refer Material Is the Grading |
| Content Type | Text |
| Resource Type | Chapter |
