57Fe ENDOR Spectroscopy and ‘Electron Inventory’ Analysis of the Nitrogenase $E_{4}$ Intermediate Suggest the Metal-Ion Core of FeMo-Cofactor Cycles Through Only One Redox Couple

Content Provider	Scilit
Author	Doan, Peter E. Telser, Joshua Barney, Brett M. Igarashi, Robert Y. Dean, Dennis R. Seefeldt, Lance C. Hoffman, Brian M.
Copyright Year	2011
Abstract	$N_{2}$ binds to the active-site metal cluster in the nitrogenase MoFe protein, the FeMo-cofactor ([7Fe-9S-Mo-homocitrate-X]; FeMo-co) only after the MoFe protein has accumulated three or four electrons/protons $(E_{3}$ or $E_{4}$ states), with the $E_{4}$ state being optimally activated. Here we study the FeMo-co$ ^{57}$Fe atoms of $E_{4}$ trapped with the $α-70^{Val→Ile}$ MoFe protein variant through use of advanced ENDOR methods: ‘random-hop’ Davies pulsed 35 GHz ENDOR; difference triple resonance; the recently developed Pulse-Endor-SaTuration and REcovery (PESTRE) protocol for determining hyperfine-coupling signs; and Raw-DATA (RD)-PESTRE, a PESTRE variant that gives a continuous sign readout over a selected radiofrequency range. These methods have allowed experimental determination of the signed isotropic$ ^{57}$Fe hyperfine couplings for five of the seven iron sites of the reductively activated $E_{4}$ FeMo-co, and given the magnitude of the coupling for a sixth. When supplemented by the use of sum-rules developed to describe electron-spin coupling in FeS proteins, these$ ^{57}$Fe measurements yield both the magnitude and signs of the isotropic couplings for the complete set of seven Fe sites of FeMo-co in $E_{4}$. In light of the previous findings that FeMo-co of $E_{4}$ binds two hydrides in the form of $(Fe-(μ-H^{–}$)-Fe) fragments, and that molybdenum has not become reduced, an ‘electron inventory’ analysis assigns the formal redox level of FeMo-co metal ions in $E_{4}$ to that of the resting state $(M^{N}$), with the four accumulated electrons residing on the two Fe-bound hydrides. Comparisons with earlier$ ^{57}$Fe ENDOR studies and electron inventory analyses of the bio-organometallic intermediate formed during the reduction of alkynes and the CO-inhibited forms of nitrogenase (hi-CO and lo-CO) inspire the conjecture that throughout the eight-electron reduction of $N_{2}$ plus $2H^{+}$ to two $NH_{3}$ plus $H_{2}$, the inorganic core of FeMo-co cycles through only a single redox couple connecting two formal redox levels: those associated with the resting state, $M^{N}$, and with the one-electron reduced state, $M^{R}$. We further note that this conjecture might apply to other complex FeS enzymes.
Related Links	http://europepmc.org/articles/pmc3232045?pdf=render https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3232045/pdf
Ending Page	17340
Page Count	12
Starting Page	17329
ISSN	00027863
e-ISSN	15205126
DOI	10.1021/ja205304t
Journal	Journal of the American Chemical Society
Issue Number	43
Volume Number	133
Language	English
Publisher	American Chemical Society (ACS)
Publisher Date	2011-10-07
Access Restriction	Open
Subject Keyword	Journal: Journal of the American Chemical Society Atomic, Molecular and Chemical Physics Metal Ion Fe Endor Electron Inventory Femo Co
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Chemistry Colloid and Surface Chemistry Biochemistry Catalysis