NDLI: Paraquat disrupts the anti-inflammatory action of cortisol in human macrophages in vitro: therapeutic implications for paraquat intoxications

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Toxicology Research Vol - 6 Issue - 1

Toxicology Research Vol -5

Toxicology Research Vol -4

Toxicology Research Vol -3

Toxicology Research Vol -2

Toxicology Research Vol -1

Paraquat disrupts the anti-inflammatory action of cortisol in human macrophages in vitro: therapeutic implications for paraquat intoxications

Content Provider	Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
Author	Bast, Aalt Veríssimo, Gesiele Weseler, Antje R.
Copyright Year	2017
Abstract	The herbicide paraquat (1,1′-dimethyl-4,4′-bipyridinium dichloride) has been banned in Europe since 2007 due to its high toxicity in humans. However, it is still widely used in Middle/South America and in Asia where it is annually associated with a high incidence of unintentional and intentional poisoning. Human macrophage-like cell lines were used to shed more light on the inflammatory response elicited by paraquat. Paraquat (3–1000 μM) reduced cell viability in a dose- and time-dependent manner. Exposure to 50 or 200 μM paraquat for 24 h elevated the release of interleukin 8 and gene expression of tumor necrosis factor-α. Expression of the 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase 1 gene tended to increase, while cellular glutathione concentrations decreased. The anti-inflammatory effect of cortisol was significantly disrupted. The paraquat-induced cortisol resistance could not be prevented by N-acetyl-L-cysteine. However, a polyphenolic extract of grape seeds consisting of monomeric and oligomeric flavan-3-ols (MOF) reduced paraquat-induced inflammation in the presence of cortisol to baseline. In conclusion, the results suggest that an impaired cortisol response may contribute to paraquat-mediated inflammation. Agents with pleiotropic cellular and subcellular effects on redox regulation and inflammation, such as plant-derived polyphenols, may be an effective add-on to the therapy of paraquat intoxications with glucocorticoids.
Starting Page	232
Ending Page	241
Page Count	10
File Format	HTM / HTML PDF
ISSN	2045452X
Volume Number	6
Issue Number	2
Journal	Toxicology Research
DOI	10.1039/c6tx00406g
Language	English
Publisher	Royal Society of Chemistry
Access Restriction	Open
Subject Keyword	South America 11-Beta hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase Europe Redox Cortisol Inflammation Herbicide Tumor necrosis factor alpha Pleiotropy Gene Asia Grape Paraquat Flavan Interleukin 8 Glutathione
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis Toxicology

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Paraquat disrupts the anti-inflammatory action of cortisol in human macrophages in vitro: therapeutic implications for paraquat intoxications

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Paraquat disrupts the anti-inflammatory action of cortisol in human macrophages in vitro: therapeutic implications for paraquat intoxications