NDLI: Pro-inflammatory effects of palytoxin: an in vitro study on human keratinocytes and inflammatory cells

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Pro-inflammatory effects of palytoxin: an in vitro study on human keratinocytes and inflammatory cells

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Toxicology Research Vol - 5 Issue - 3

Toxicology Research Vol - 5 Issue - 2

Toxicology Research Vol - 5 Issue - 1

Toxicology Research Vol -4

Toxicology Research Vol -3

Toxicology Research Vol -2

Toxicology Research Vol -1

Pro-inflammatory effects of palytoxin: an in vitro study on human keratinocytes and inflammatory cells

Content Provider	Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
Author	Sosa, Silvio Tubaro, Aurelia Ponti, Cristina Lucafò, Marianna Gibellini, Davide Pelin, Marco Florio, Chiara
Copyright Year	2016
Abstract	Palytoxin (PLTX) is one of the most harmful marine toxins known so far. Although the ingestion of contaminated seafood is the most dangerous exposure route for humans, cutaneous and inhalational exposures are far more frequent, and can cause strong inflammatory reactions. However, little is known about the inflammatory events that follow the cutaneous exposure to the toxin. In this study, we investigated (1) the effects of both short (2 h) and long (24 h) term exposures of HaCaT keratinocytes to a sub-cytotoxic PLTX concentration on pro-inflammatory mediator gene expression and release and (2) the effect of PLTX-conditioned HaCaT cell media on undifferentiated (monocytes) and differentiated (macrophages; immature dendritic cells, iDCs; mature dendritic cells, mDCs) THP-1 cells. At 10−11 M, PLTX induced interleukin (IL)-6 and IL-8 release from HaCaT keratinocytes after 24 h of continuous exposure to the toxin, as well as after 23 h in toxin-free medium preceded by 1 h exposure to PLTX. Under the same experimental conditions, release of the inflammatory mediators prostaglandin-E2 and histamine was also found after both short and long exposures to the toxin. The conditioned media collected from HaCaT cells treated with PLTX increased the migration of the differentiated and undifferentiated THP-1 cells (potency rank order: monocytes ≥ iDCs > mDCs > macrophages) but did not induce cell differentiation. These results indicate that keratinocytes can be actively involved in the recruitment of inflammatory cells in response to cutaneous contact with PLTX. The lack of a significant effect on monocyte differentiation towards mature immune cells suggests that PLTX is endowed with irritant rather than sensitizing properties.
Starting Page	1172
Ending Page	1181
Page Count	10
File Format	HTM / HTML PDF
ISSN	2045452X
Volume Number	5
Issue Number	4
Journal	Toxicology Research
DOI	10.1039/c6tx00084c
Language	English
Publisher	Royal Society of Chemistry
Access Restriction	Open
Subject Keyword	Dendritic cell Histamine Gene Monocyte PLTX Skin HaCaT Interleukin 8 Macrophage
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis Toxicology

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