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| Content Provider | Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC) |
|---|---|
| Author | Suo, Zhigang Lapusta, Yuri Zhao, Xuanhe Cai, Shengqiang Hong, Wei Marcombe, Romain |
| Copyright Year | 2010 |
| Abstract | Many engineering devices and natural phenomena involve gels that swell under the constraint of hard materials. The constraint causes a field of stress in a gel, and often makes the swelling inhomogeneous even when the gel reaches a state of equilibrium. This paper develops a theory of constrained swelling of a pH-sensitive hydrogel, a network of polymers bearing acidic groups, in equilibrium with an aqueous solution and mechanical forces. The condition of equilibrium is expressed as a variational statement of the inhomogeneous field. A free-energy function accounts for the stretching of the network, mixing of the network with the solution, and dissociation of the acidic groups. Within a Legendre transformation, the condition of equilibrium for the pH-sensitive hydrogel is equivalent to that for a hyperelastic solid. The theory is first used to compare several cases of homogenous swelling: a free gel, a gel attached to a rigid substrate, and a gel confined in three directions. To analyze inhomogeneous swelling, we implement a finite element method in the commercial software ABAQUS, and illustrate the method with a layer of the gel coated on a spherical rigid particle, and a pH-sensitive valve in microfluidics. |
| Starting Page | 784 |
| Ending Page | 793 |
| Page Count | 10 |
| File Format | HTM / HTML PDF |
| ISSN | 1744683X |
| Volume Number | 6 |
| Issue Number | 4 |
| Journal | Soft Matter |
| DOI | 10.1039/b917211d |
| Language | English |
| Publisher | Royal Society of Chemistry |
| Access Restriction | Open |
| Subject Keyword | Finite element method Abaqus Hyperelastic material Dissociative Microfluidics Gel Legendre transformation |
| Content Type | Text |
| Resource Type | Article |
| Subject | Chemistry Condensed Matter Physics |
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