NDLI: Microwave-hydrothermal synthesis and characterization of nanostructured copper substituted ZnM<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub> (M = Al, Ga) spinels as precursors for thermally stable Cu catalysts

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Microwave-hydrothermal synthesis and characterization of nanostructured copper substituted ZnM₂O₄ (M = Al, Ga) spinels as precursors for thermally stable Cu catalysts

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Microwave-hydrothermal synthesis and characterization of nanostructured copper substituted ZnM₂O₄ (M = Al, Ga) spinels as precursors for thermally stable Cu catalysts

Content Provider	Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
Author	Friedrich, Matthias Luo, Yuan Massue, Cyriac Kühl, Stefanie Kunkes, Edward Conrad, Franziska Patzke, Greta R. Behrens, Malte Girgsdies, Frank Kasatkin, Igor Armbrüster, Marc Zhang, Bingsen
Copyright Year	2012
Abstract	Nanostructured CuxZn1−xAl2O4 with a Cu : Zn ratio of ¼ : ¾ has been prepared by a microwave-assisted hydrothermal synthesis at 150 °C and used as a precursor for Cu/ZnO/Al2O3-based catalysts. The spinel nanoparticles exhibit an average size of approximately 5 nm and a high specific surface area (above 250 m2 g−1). Cu nanoparticles of an average size of 3.3 nm can be formed by reduction of the spinel precursor in hydrogen and the accessible metallic Cu(0) surface area of the reduced catalyst was 8 m2 g−1. The catalytic performance of the material in CO2 hydrogenation and methanol steam reforming was compared with conventionally prepared Cu/ZnO/Al2O3 reference catalysts. The observed lower performance of the spinel-based samples is attributed to a lack of synergetic interaction of the Cu nanoparticles with ZnO due to the incorporation of Zn2+ in the stable spinel lattice. Despite its lower performance, however, the nanostructured nature of the spinel catalyst was stable after thermal treatment up to 500 °C in contrast to other Cu-based catalysts. Furthermore, a large fraction of the re-oxidized copper migrates back into the spinel upon calcination of the reduced catalyst, thereby enabling a regeneration of sintered catalysts after prolonged usage at high temperatures. Similarly prepared samples with Ga instead of Al exhibit a more crystalline catalyst with a spinel particle size around 20 nm. The slightly decreased Cu(0) surface area of 3.2 m2 g−1 due to less copper incorporation is not a significant drawback for the methanol steam reforming.
Starting Page	2018
Ending Page	2028
Page Count	11
File Format	HTM / HTML PDF
ISSN	20403364
Volume Number	4
Issue Number	6
Journal	Nanoscale
DOI	10.1039/c2nr11804a
Language	English
Publisher	Royal Society of Chemistry
Access Restriction	Open
Subject Keyword	Gallium Hydrogen Specific surface area Calcination Hydrogenation Cu Hydrothermal synthesis Spinel Sintering Steam reforming Copper Methanol Crystal structure
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Nanoscience and Nanotechnology

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Cu,Zn,Al layered double hydroxides as precursors for copper catalysts in methanol steam reforming – pH-controlled synthesis by microemulsion technique

Cu,Zn,Al layered double hydroxides as precursors for copper catalysts in methanol steam reforming – pH-controlled synthesis by microemulsion technique

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Microwave-hydrothermal synthesis and characterization of nanostructured copper substituted ZnM₂O₄ (M = Al, Ga) spinels as precursors for thermally stable Cu catalysts

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