NDLI: Na3+xMxP1−xS4 (M = Ge4+, Ti4+, Sn4+) enables high rate all-solid-state Na-ion batteries Na2+2δFe2−δ(SO4)3|Na3+xMxP1−xS4|Na2Ti3O7

Content Provider	Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
Author	Rao, Rayavarapu Prasada Adams, Stefan Chen, Haomin Wong, Lee Loong
Copyright Year	2017
Abstract	Electrolytes in current Na-ion batteries are mostly based on the same fundamental chemistry as those in Li-ion batteries – a mixture of flammable liquid cyclic and linear organic carbonates leading to the same safety concerns especially during fast charging. All-solid-state Na-ion rechargeable batteries utilizing non-flammable ceramic Na superionic conductor electrolytes are a promising alternative. Among the known sodium conducting electrolytes the cubic Na3PS4 phase has relatively high sodium ion conductivity exceeding 10−4 S cm−1 at room temperature. Here we systematically study the doping of Na3PS4 with Ge4+, Ti4+, Sn4+ and optimise the processing of these phases. A maximum ionic conductivity of 2.5 × 10−4 S cm−1 is achieved for Na3.1Sn0.1P0.9S4. Utilising this fast Na+ ion conductor, a new class of all-solid-state Na2+2δFe2−δ(SO4)3\|Na3+xMxP1−xS4 (M = Ge4+, Ti4+, Sn4+) (x = 0, 0.1)\|Na2Ti3O7 sodium-ion secondary batteries is demonstrated that is based on earth-abundant safe materials and features high rate capability even at room temperature. All-solid-state Na2+2δFe2−δ(SO4)3\|Na3+xMxP1−xS4\|Na2Ti3O7 cells with the newly prepared electrolyte exhibited charge–discharge cycles at room temperature between 1.5 V and 4.0 V. At low rates the initial capacity matches the theoretical capacity of ca. 113 mA h g−1. At 2C rate the first discharge capacity at room temperature is still 83 mA h per gram of Na2+2δFe2−δ(SO4)3 and at 80 °C it rises to 109 mA h per gram with 80% capacity retention over 100 cycles.
Starting Page	3377
Ending Page	3388
Page Count	12
File Format	HTM / HTML PDF
ISSN	20507488
Volume Number	5
Issue Number	7
Journal	Journal of Materials Chemistry A
DOI	10.1039/c6ta09809f
Language	English
Publisher	Royal Society of Chemistry
Access Restriction	Open
Subject Keyword	Chemistry Fast ion conductor Sodium Ion Dopant Electrolyte Gram
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Chemistry Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment Materials Science

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