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Concentrations of formaldehyde and other carbonyls in environments affected by incense burning

Content Provider	Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
Author	Yu, Jian Zhen Ho, Steven Sai Hang
Copyright Year	2002
Abstract	Burning incense to pay homage to deities is common in Chinese homes and temples. Air samples were collected and analyzed for carbonyls from a home and a temple in Hong Kong where incense burning occurs on a daily basis. Carbonyls in the air were trapped on a solid sorbent coated with O-(2,3,4,5,6-pentafluorobenzyl)hydroxylamine, followed by thermal desorption and subsequent GC/MS analysis. The carbonyls identified include formaldehyde, acetaldehyde, acrolein, 2-furfural, benzaldehyde, glyoxal, and methylglyoxal. The levels of the above carbonyls correlate with the intensity of the incense-burning activities. The total mixing ratios of the carbonyls in the temple exceed those in the ambient air outside the temple by 11–23 times. Formaldehyde is the most abundant species, contributing to approximately 55% of the total carbonyl mixing ratios in both the temple and the home environments during incense burning. The mixing ratio of formaldehyde ranges from 108 to 346 ppbv in the temple and averages 103 ppbv in the home during incense burning. These values exceed the World Health Organization (WHO) air quality guideline of 100 µg m−3 (88 ppbv) for formaldehyde. The highest formaldehyde level in the temple exceeds the WHO guideline by 3 times at peak incense burning hours. The mixing ratio of acrolein in the temple ranges from 20 to 99 ppbv, approaching or exceeding the WHO air quality guideline of 50 µg m−3 (22 ppbv) for acrolein. Our measurements indicate that incense burning significantly elevates the concentrations of a number of carbonyls, most notably formaldehyde and acrolein, in the surrounding environments. This study provides preliminary insights on indoor air quality problems created by incense burning.
Starting Page	728
Ending Page	733
Page Count	6
File Format	HTM / HTML PDF
ISSN	14640325
Volume Number	4
Issue Number	5
Journal	Journal of Environmental Monitoring
DOI	10.1039/b200998f
Language	English
Publisher	Royal Society of Chemistry
Access Restriction	Open
Subject Keyword	World Health Organization WHO Hong Kong Incense Adsorption Hydroxylamine Formaldehyde Acetaldehyde Acrolein Furfural Benzaldehyde Glyoxal Methylglyoxal Carbonyl group Mixing ratio Indoor air quality
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law

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