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| Content Provider | Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC) |
|---|---|
| Author | Chuang, Steven S. C. Chen, Bei |
| Copyright Year | 2003 |
| Abstract | Oxidative carbonylation of amines with alcohols provides an environmentally benign pathway to isocyanates and carbamates. Currently, the most active catalysts for the oxidative carbonylation of aniline with methanol are Pd-based catalysts. To further improve the economic feasibility of the carbamate synthesis process, we have investigated the activity of CuCl2–NaI, CuCl2–NaCl, and CuCl–NaI at 438 K and 0.41 MPa by in situ infrared spectroscopy. The activity of the catalysts for carbamate synthesis increased in the order: CuCl2–NaCl < CuCl–NaI < CuCl2–NaI. The presence of promoter (i.e., NaI or NaCl) in the reactant–catalyst mixture is essential to promote carbamate synthesis. The formation of by-product, CO2, can be suppressed by the sequential addition of NaI to CO/O2/methanol/aniline/CuCl2. Transient profiles of reactants/products obtained from in situ infrared spectroscopic studies revealed that CO2 and carbamate were formed via two independent pathways. The infrared observation of a Cu0(CO)2 species and O2 participation in carbamate synthesis suggest that the carbamate synthesis reaction involves a redox cycle of Cu0/CuII. |
| Starting Page | 484 |
| Ending Page | 489 |
| Page Count | 6 |
| File Format | HTM / HTML PDF |
| ISSN | 14639262 |
| Volume Number | 5 |
| Issue Number | 4 |
| Journal | Green Chemistry |
| DOI | 10.1039/b303283c |
| Language | English |
| Publisher | Royal Society of Chemistry |
| Access Restriction | Open |
| Subject Keyword | Carbonylation Aniline Methanol Carbamate Infrared spectroscopy Oxygen |
| Content Type | Text |
| Resource Type | Article |
| Subject | Environmental Chemistry Pollution |
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