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Green Chemistry Vol - 4 Issue - 5

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Green Chemistry Vol - 4 Issue - 1

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Green Chemistry Vol -2

Development of a green process for poly-α-olefin based lubricants

Content Provider	Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
Author	Yadav, Ganapati D. Doshi, Nirav S.
Copyright Year	2002
Abstract	Poly-α-olefin (PAO) based lubricants have a large share of the synlubes market and these are produced in two stages—oligomerisation of α-olefins and hydrogenation. The current industrial processes use AlCl3 and BF3 as catalysts for oligomerisation, which are polluting, hazardous and give a very wide molecular weight distribution. This study reports a green synthesis of a PAO synlube by using 1-decene as the starting material with a variety of solid acidic catalysts, mainly based on clays. The activities for oligomerisation were found to be in the following order: K10 montmorillonite clay > 20% w/w ZnCl2/K10 > 5% w/w (dodecatungstophosphoric acid, DTP)/K10 > 20% DTP/K10 > 10% AlCl3 + 10% FeCl3/K10 > S–ZrO2 > Al-pillared clay > DTP > 20% DTP/carbon. K10 clay gave a conversion of 1-decene of 73% but the selectivities towards the dimer and trimer were 88 and 12%, respectively. 20% ZnCl2/K10 led to a conversion of 68% with 100% dimer formation. The kinetics of reaction were established by using both K-10 and 20% ZnCl2/K10. Oligomerisation is controlled by intrinsic kinetics. The catalysts are reusable. Other olefins such as 1-octene and 1-dodecene were also oligomerized in the presence of 20% ZnCl2/K10. 1-Decene dimer was isolated and then in the next step hydrogenated by employing 20% w/w Ni/SiO2, 20% w/w Ni–Cu (50:50)/SiO2 and a clay anchored bipyridine–montmorillonite–PdCl2 complex as catalysts. Amongst these 20% w/w Ni/SiO2 was found to be the most active catalyst at 50 atm and 150 °C, whereas the anchored catalyst BM–Pd(II) was active at atmospheric pressure and 30 °C. Effects of various parameters were studied to arrive at a kinetic model with both the catalysts. The reactions are intrinsically kinetically controlled showing zero order in dimer concentration and first order in hydrogen partial pressure. 1-Decene based PAO with a viscosity of about 2 cSt has great many applications The hydrogenated product had a viscosity of 2.22 cSt which was found to be comparable with commercially available sample. High-speed spindle oil used in textile industry was also prepared and its performance tested.
Starting Page	528
Ending Page	540
Page Count	13
File Format	HTM / HTML PDF
ISSN	14639262
Volume Number	4
Issue Number	6
Journal	Green Chemistry
DOI	10.1039/b206081g
Language	English
Publisher	Royal Society of Chemistry
Access Restriction	Open
Subject Keyword	PAO Hydrogenation Aluminium chloride Boron trifluoride Decene Montmorillonite Clay minerals Acid Carbon Protein dimer Protein trimer K-10 (Kansas highway) 1-Octene Atmospheric pressure Hydrogen Partial pressure Viscosity
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Environmental Chemistry Pollution

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