NDLI: Life cycle assessment of sodium-ion batteries

Content Provider	Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
Author	Passerini, Stefano Weil, Marcel Peters, Jens Buchholz, Daniel
Copyright Year	2016
Abstract	Sodium-ion batteries are emerging as potential alternatives to lithium-ion batteries. This study presents a prospective life cycle assessment for the production of a sodium-ion battery with a layered transition metal oxide as a positive electrode material and hard carbon as a negative electrode material on the battery component level. The complete and transparent inventory data are disclosed, which can easily be used as a basis for future environmental assessments. Na-ion batteries are found to be promising under environmental aspects, showing, per kWh of storage capacity, environmental impacts at the lower end of the range published for current Li-ion batteries. Still significant improvement potential is given, especially by reducing the environmental impacts associated with the hard carbon production for the anode and by reducing the nickel content in the cathode active material. For the hard carbons, the use of organic waste can be considered to be promising in this regard. Nevertheless, when looking at the energy storage capacity over lifetime, achieving a high cycle life and good charge–discharge efficiency is fundamental. This represents the main challenge especially when competing with LFP–LTO type Li-Ion batteries, which already show extraordinarily long lifetimes.
Starting Page	1744
Ending Page	1751
Page Count	8
File Format	HTM / HTML PDF
ISSN	17545692
Volume Number	9
Issue Number	5
Journal	Energy & Environmental Science
DOI	10.1039/c6ee00640j
Language	English
Publisher	Royal Society of Chemistry
Access Restriction	Subscribed
Subject Keyword	LFP LTO Lithium-ion battery Life-cycle assessment Sodium-ion battery Oxide Electrode Carbon Anode Nickel Cathode
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Environmental Chemistry Pollution Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment Nuclear Energy and Engineering

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