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Engineering the methylerythritol phosphate pathway in cyanobacteria for photosynthetic isoprene production from CO₂

Content Provider	Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
Author	Nie, Xiaoqun Yang, Chen Gao, Fang Gao, Xiang Liu, Deng Zhang, Hao
Copyright Year	2016
Abstract	Isoprene, a key building block of synthetic rubber, is currently produced entirely from petrochemical sources. Previous metabolic engineering efforts, centered on heterologous expression of the mevalonate pathway, have resulted in isoprene production by microbial fermentation of sugars. To produce isoprene directly from CO2, we engineered the isoprene biosynthetic pathway in the cyanobacterium Synechococcus elongatus, with guidance provided by dynamic flux analysis and metabolite profiling. The methylerythritol phosphate (MEP) pathway was selected for cyanobacterial isoprene synthesis based on comparison of carbon efficiency and the precursor driving force between the MEP pathway and the mevalonate pathway. Plant-derived isoprene synthases with high activities were introduced, followed by increasing the ratio of dimethylallyl pyrophosphate to isopentenyl pyrophosphate (IPP) by overexpression of IPP isomerase (IDI), further improvement in isoprene production activity by direct fusion of IDI and isoprene synthase, and relieving an MEP pathway bottleneck identified by kinetic flux profiling. The engineered strain directed about 40% of photosynthetically fixed carbon toward the isoprene biosynthetic pathway, resulting in the production of 1.26 g L−1 of isoprene from CO2, which is a significant increase for terpenoid production by photoautotrophic microorganisms. The strains developed in this study can serve as platform hosts for photosynthetic production of diverse terpenoids from CO2.
Starting Page	1400
Ending Page	1411
Page Count	12
File Format	HTM / HTML PDF
ISSN	17545692
Volume Number	9
Issue Number	4
Journal	Energy & Environmental Science
DOI	10.1039/c5ee03102h
Language	English
Publisher	Royal Society of Chemistry
Access Restriction	Open
Subject Keyword	Isoprene Synthetic rubber Petrochemical Metabolic engineering Mevalonic acid Cyanobacteria Synechococcus Metabolism Phosphate Non-mevalonate pathway Carbon Dimethylallyl pyrophosphate Isopentenyl pyrophosphate Isomerase Isoprene synthase Terpenoid Phototroph Photosynthesis
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Environmental Chemistry Pollution Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment Nuclear Energy and Engineering

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Structural genomics of enzymes involved in sterol/isoprenoid biosynthesis.

Construction of Functional Monomeric Type 2 Isopentenyl Diphosphate:Dimethylallyl Diphosphate Isomerase.

Mevalonate-independent methylerythritol phosphate pathway for isoprenoid biosynthesis. Elucidation and distribution

Isoprene Production Via the Mevalonic Acid Pathway in Escherichia coli (Bacteria)

Escherichia coli engineered to synthesize isopentenyl diphosphate and dimethylallyl diphosphate from mevalonate: a novel system for the genetic analysis of the 2-C-methyl-d-erythritol 4-phosphate pathway for isoprenoid biosynthesis.

From Molecular Fossils of Bacterial Hopanoids to the Formation of Isoprene Units: Discovery and Elucidation of the Methylerythritol Phosphate Pathway

Subcellular evidence for the involvement of peroxisomes in plant isoprenoid biosynthesis.

Synthesis of (S)-isoprenoid thiodiphosphates as substrates and inhibitors.

Methanocaldococcus jannaschii uses a modified mevalonate pathway for biosynthesis of isopentenyl diphosphate.

Engineering the methylerythritol phosphate pathway in cyanobacteria for photosynthetic isoprene production from CO₂

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Structural genomics of enzymes involved in sterol/isoprenoid biosynthesis.

Construction of Functional Monomeric Type 2 Isopentenyl Diphosphate:Dimethylallyl Diphosphate Isomerase.

Mevalonate-independent methylerythritol phosphate pathway for isoprenoid biosynthesis. Elucidation and distribution

Isoprene Production Via the Mevalonic Acid Pathway in Escherichia coli (Bacteria)

Escherichia coli engineered to synthesize isopentenyl diphosphate and dimethylallyl diphosphate from mevalonate: a novel system for the genetic analysis of the 2-C-methyl-d-erythritol 4-phosphate pathway for isoprenoid biosynthesis.

From Molecular Fossils of Bacterial Hopanoids to the Formation of Isoprene Units: Discovery and Elucidation of the Methylerythritol Phosphate Pathway

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Synthesis of (S)-isoprenoid thiodiphosphates as substrates and inhibitors.

Methanocaldococcus jannaschii uses a modified mevalonate pathway for biosynthesis of isopentenyl diphosphate.

Engineering the methylerythritol phosphate pathway in cyanobacteria for photosynthetic isoprene production from CO2

Engineering the methylerythritol phosphate pathway in cyanobacteria for photosynthetic isoprene production from CO₂