NDLI: Palladium in fuel cell catalysis

Content Provider	Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
Author	Antolini, Ermete
Copyright Year	2009
Abstract	Carbon supported platinum is commonly used as anode and cathode electrocatalyst in low-temperature fuel cells fuelled with hydrogen or low molecular weight alcohols. The cost of Pt and the limited world supply are significant barriers to the widespread use of these types of fuel cells. Moreover, platinum used as anode material is readily poisoned by carbon monoxide, present in the reformate gas used as H2 carrier in the case of polymer electrolyte fuel cells, and a byproduct of alcohol oxidation in the case of direct alcohol fuel cells. In addition, Pt alone does not present satisfactory activity for the oxygen reduction reaction when used as cathode material. For all these reasons, binary and ternary platinum-based catalysts and non-platinum-based catalysts have been tested as electrode materials for low temperature fuel cells. Palladium and platinum have very similar properties because they belong to the same group in the periodic table. The activity for the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) of Pd is only slightly lower than that of Pt, and by addition of a suitable metal, such as Co or Fe, the ORR activity of Pd can overcome that of Pt. Conversely, the activity for the hydrogen oxidation reaction (HOR) of Pd is considerably lower than that of Pt, but by adding of a very small amount (5 at%) of Pt, the HOR activity of Pd attains that of pure Pt. This paper presents an overview of Pd and Pd-containing catalysts, tested both as anode and cathode materials for low-temperature fuel cells.
Starting Page	915
Ending Page	931
Page Count	17
File Format	HTM / HTML PDF
ISSN	17545692
Volume Number	2
Issue Number	9
Journal	Energy & Environmental Science
DOI	10.1039/b820837a
Language	English
Publisher	Royal Society of Chemistry
Access Restriction	Open
Subject Keyword	Anode Cathode Hydrogen Carbon monoxide Polymer Electrolyte Alcohol oxidation Alcohol fuel Redox Electrode Periodic table
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Environmental Chemistry Pollution Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment Nuclear Energy and Engineering

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