NDLI: Energy recovery from concentrated seawater brine by thin-film nanofiber composite pressure retarded osmosis membranes with high power density

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Energy & Environmental Science Vol - 6 Issue - 3

Energy & Environmental Science Vol - 6 Issue - 2

Energy & Environmental Science Vol -5

Energy & Environmental Science Vol -4

Energy & Environmental Science Vol -3

Energy & Environmental Science Vol -2

Energy & Environmental Science Vol -1

Energy recovery from concentrated seawater brine by thin-film nanofiber composite pressure retarded osmosis membranes with high power density

Content Provider	Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
Author	Song, Xiaoxiao Liu, Zhaoyang Sun, Darren Delai
Copyright Year	2013
Abstract	A significant amount of energy stored in the form of salinity in seawater reverse osmosis (SWRO) brine can be harvested by a pressure retarded osmosis (PRO) process for power generation. The crucial performance-determining factor of the PRO process is the semi-permeable PRO membrane, which separates the SWRO brine from a lower salinity solution and sustains the salinity difference between the two solutions. However, accumulation of solutes in the support membrane, namely internal concentration polarization (ICP), significantly reduces the effective salinity difference and thus severely limits the efficiency of conventional PRO membranes. In this paper, we report the fabrication and optimization of thin-film nanofiber composite PRO (TNC-PRO) membranes with a unique support membrane structure (inter-connected, low tortuousness and highly porous properties), aiming to facilitate mixing of accumulated solutes with a dilute feed stream and overcome the ICP problem. With such low structure parameter (S) value (150 μm) nanofiber support membranes (NSMs), the optimum water permeability (A) and solute permeability (B) of the TNC-PRO membrane for power generation were determined to be 4.1 L m−2 h−1 bar−1 and 1.74 L m−2 h−1 respectively. This highly efficient TNC-PRO membrane can achieve a power density of 15.2 W m−2 and maximum energy recovery of 0.86 kW h m−3, using synthetic brackish water (80 mM NaCl, π = 3.92 bar) and seawater brine (1.06 M NaCl, π = 51.8 bar) as feed and draw solution, respectively. For a more dilute synthetic river water (0.9 mM NaCl, π = 0.045 bar) feed solution, the same membrane can achieve a higher power density of 21.3 W m−2. The main performance limiting factors in PRO application such as ICP, External Concentration Polarization (ECP) and Reverse Solute Permeation (RSP) are quantified and their values are related to A, B and S values of TNC-PRO membranes.
Starting Page	1199
Ending Page	1210
Page Count	12
File Format	HTM / HTML PDF
ISSN	17545692
Volume Number	6
Issue Number	4
Journal	Energy & Environmental Science
DOI	10.1039/c3ee23349a
Language	English
Publisher	Royal Society of Chemistry
Access Restriction	Open
Subject Keyword	PRO ICP Salinity Osmosis Brine Concentration polarization Mathematical optimization Nanofiber Micrometre Permeation Energy recovery Rana Sura Padakkama
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Environmental Chemistry Pollution Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment Nuclear Energy and Engineering

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