NDLI: Ceria-supported ruthenium catalysts for the synthesis of indole <i>via</i> dehydrogenative <i>N</i>-heterocyclization

Content Provider	Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
Author	Yamazoe, Seiji Hosokawa, Saburo Inoue, Masashi Miura, Hiroki Shimura, Shun Wada, Kenji
Copyright Year	2011
Abstract	Simple heterogeneous Ru/CeO2 catalysts as well as Ru/ZrO2 catalysts were found to be quite effective for the selective direct synthesis of indole via intramolecular dehydrogenative N-heterocyclization of 2-(2-aminophenyl)ethanol, while catalysts supported on SiO2, Al2O3, TiO2, and MgO were less effective. Ru/CeO2 catalysts that were calcined at a relatively low temperature, 200 °C, showed excellent activity and gave indole in a yield over 99% by the reaction at 140 °C for 24 h (Ru catalyst 2.5 mol%). Spectroscopic studies of the Ru/CeO2 catalysts indicated the formation of RuIVO species on the surface, which is considered to be transformed into the catalytically-active species at the initial stage of the reaction. Hot filtration tests and an ICP-AES analysis indicated that these Ru/CeO2 catalysts act heterogeneously and that the leaching of ruthenium species into the solution is negligible. These catalysts could be recycled without a significant loss of activity, which suggests that the present oxide-supported catalysts are promising alternatives to conventional homogeneous catalysts.
Starting Page	1340
Ending Page	1346
Page Count	7
File Format	HTM / HTML PDF
ISSN	20444753
Volume Number	1
Issue Number	8
Journal	Catalysis Science & Technology
DOI	10.1039/c1cy00235j
Language	English
Publisher	Royal Society of Chemistry
Access Restriction	Open
Subject Keyword	Ruthenium Ethanol Indole Calcination Inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy Zirconium dioxide
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Catalysis

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