NDLI: Leptospiral Proteins Recognized during the Humoral Immune Response to Leptospirosis in Humans

Content Provider	PubMed Central
Author	Guerreiro, Hygia Croda, Júlio Flannery, Brendan Mazel, Mary Matsunaga, James Reis, Mitermayer Galvão Levett, Paul N. Ko, Albert I. Haake, David A.
Editor	Finlay, B. B.
Copyright Year	2001
Abstract	Leptospirosis is an emerging zoonosis caused by pathogenic spirochetes belonging to the genus Leptospira. An understanding of leptospiral protein expression regulation is needed to develop new immunoprotective and serodiagnostic strategies. We used the humoral immune response during human leptospirosis as a reporter of protein antigens expressed during infection. Qualitative and quantitative immunoblot analysis was performed using sera from 105 patients from Brazil and Barbados. Sera from patients with other diseases and healthy individuals were evaluated as controls. Seven proteins, p76, p62, p48, p45, p41, p37, and p32, were identified as targets of the humoral response during natural infection. In both acute and convalescent phases of illness, antibodies to lipopolysaccharide were predominantly immunoglobulin M (IgM) while antibodies to proteins were exclusively IgG. Anti-p32 reactivity had the greatest sensitivity and specificity: positive reactions were observed in 37 and 84% of acute- and convalescent-phase sera, respectively, while only 5% of community control individuals demonstrated positive reactions. Six immunodominant antigens were expressed by all pathogenic leptospiral strains tested; only p37 was inconsistently expressed. Two-dimensional immunoblots identified four of the seven infection-associated antigens as being previously characterized proteins: LipL32 (the major outer membrane lipoprotein), LipL41 (a surface-exposed outer membrane lipoprotein), and heat shock proteins GroEL and DnaK. Fractionation studies demonstrated LipL32 and LipL41 reactivity in the outer membrane fraction and GroEL and DnaK in the cytoplasmic fraction, while p37 appeared to be a soluble periplasmic protein. Most of the other immunodominant proteins, including p48 and p45, were localized to the inner membrane. These findings indicate that leptospiral proteins recognized during natural infection are potentially useful for serodiagnosis and may serve as targets for vaccine design.
Related Links	http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/iai.69.8.4958-4968.2001
Ending Page	4968
Page Count	11
Starting Page	4958
File Format	PDF
ISSN	00199567
e-ISSN	10985522
Journal	Infection and Immunity
Issue Number	8
Volume Number	69
Language	English
Publisher	American Society for Microbiology
Publisher Date	2001-08-01
Access Restriction	Open
Rights Holder	American Society for Microbiology
Subject Keyword	Immunology Microbiology Parasitology Infectious Diseases Research in Higher Education
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Infectious Diseases Parasitology Immunology Microbiology

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