NDLI: Invasion and Intracellular Development of the Human Granulocytic Ehrlichiosis Agent in Tick Cell Culture

Content Provider	PubMed Central
Author	Munderloh, Ulrike G. Jauron, Steven D. Volker, Fingerle Lorenz, Leitritz Hayes, S. Fred Hautman, Joan M. Nelson, Curtis M. Huberty, Brent W. Kurtti, Timothy J. Ahlstrand, Gilbert G. Greig, Barbara Mellencamp, Martha A. Goodman, Jesse L.
Copyright Year	1999
Abstract	Human granulocytotropic ehrlichias are tick-borne bacterial pathogens that cause an acute, life-threatening illness, human granulocytic ehrlichiosis (HGE). Ehrlichias within neutrophil granulocytes that invade tick bite sites are likely ingested by the vector, to be transmitted to another mammalian host during the tick’s next blood meal. Thus, the cycle of replication and development in the vector is prerequisite to mammalian infection, and yet these events have not been described. We report tick cell culture isolation of two strains of the HGE agent directly from an infected horse and a dog and have also established a human isolate from HL60 culture in tick cells, proving that the blood stages of the HGE agent are infectious for tick cells, as are those replicating in the human cell line HL60. This required changes to the culture system, including a new tick cell line. In tick cell layers, the HGE agent induced foci of infection that caused necrotic plaques and eventual destruction of the culture. Using the human isolate and electron microscopy, we monitored adhesion, internalization, and replication in vector tick cells. Both electron-lucent and -dense forms adhered to and entered cells by a mechanism reminiscent of phagocytosis. Ehrlichial cell division was initiated soon after, resulting in endosomes filled with numerous ehrlichias. During early development, pale ehrlichias with a tight cell wall dominated, but by day 2, individual bacteria condensed into dark forms with a rippled membrane. These may become compacted into clumps where individual organisms are barely discernible. Whether these are part of an ehrlichia life cycle or are degenerating is unknown.
Starting Page	2518
File Format	PDF
ISSN	1098660X
e-ISSN	1098660X
Journal	Journal of Clinical Microbiology
Issue Number	8
Volume Number	37
Language	English
Publisher	American Society for Microbiology
Publisher Date	1999-08-01
Access Restriction	Open
Rights Holder	American Society for Microbiology
Subject Keyword	Research in Higher Education
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Microbiology (medical)

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