NDLI: Self/nonself recognition in ascidian fertilization: Vitelline coat protein HrVC70 is a candidate allorecognition molecule

Content Provider	PubMed Central
Author	Sawada, Hitoshi Tanaka, Etsuko Ban, Susumu Yamasaki, Chiho Fujino, Junko Kazuto, Ooura Abe, Yukichi Matsumoto, Ken-ichi Yokosawa, Hideyoshi
Copyright Year	2004
Abstract	Ascidians are hermaphrodites releasing sperm and eggs simultaneously, but many species are self-sterile because of a self/nonself-recognition system in spermegg interaction. Here, we show that a 70-kDa vitelline coat protein, HrVC70, consisting of 12 epidermal growth factor-like repeats, plays a key role in self/nonself recognition during ascidian fertilization. We discovered that the amount of HrVC70 of the self-sterile mature oocytes is markedly higher than that of the self-fertile immature oocytes and that the selfsterile mature oocytes become self-fertile by acid treatment, which is able to release the HrVC70 from isolated vitelline coats. In addition, fertilization is strongly inhibited by the pretreatment of sperm with HrVC70 from a different individual, but not from the same individual, and the number of nonself sperm bound to HrVC70-agarose was significantly higher than that of self-sperm. A sequence analysis of HrVC70 disclosed that several amino acid residues in a restricted region are substituted at an individual level, with no identical sequences among the 10 individuals tested. Furthermore, genomic DNA analysis revealed that the epidermal growth factor-like domains correspond to the exons, and each intron is highly conserved among even- and odd-numbered introns, suggesting that multiple gene duplications or amplification of this region might have taken place during evolution. It was also found that diversity in cDNA sequences is derived from genomic DNA polymorphism probably elicited by crossing over and specific nucleotide substitutions. These results indicate that HrVC70 is a candidate allogeneic recognition molecule in the gamete interaction of the ascidian Halocynthia roretzi.
Related Links	http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0401928101
Ending Page	15620
Page Count	6
Starting Page	15615
File Format	PDF
ISSN	00278424
e-ISSN	10916490
Journal	Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
Issue Number	44
Volume Number	101
Language	English
Publisher	National Academy of Sciences
Publisher Date	2004-11-02
Access Restriction	Open
Rights Holder	National Academy of Sciences
Subject Keyword	General Research in Higher Education
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Multidisciplinary

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4	Project PI / Joint PI	Principal Investigator and Joint Principal Investigators of the project	Dr. B. Sutradhar bsutra@ndl.gov.in Prof. Saswat Chakrabarti will be added soon
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