NDLI: Nuclear Immunolocalization of Hexamerins in the Fat Body of Metamorphosing Honey Bees

Content Provider	PubMed Central
Author	Martins, Juliana Ramos Gentile, Bitondi MÃ¡rcia Maria
Copyright Year	2012
Abstract	Hexamerins are storage proteins with primordial functions in insect metamorphosis. They are actively secreted by the larval fat body and stored in the hemolymph. During metamorphosis, they return to the fat body to be processed. For decades, these proteins were thought to exclusively function as an amino acid source for tissue reconstruction during the non-feeding pupal and pharate adult stages and, in some species, for egg production. Recently, new findings have linked the hexamerins to caste polyphenism and gonad development in social insects. To explore the roles of hexamerins during the honey bee metamorphosis, we used specific antibodies in expression analysis by western blot, in situ immunolocalization by confocal laser-scanning microscopy and in vivo injections to lower their endogenous levels. Our expression analysis highlighted the changing expression patterns in the fat body and hemolymph during development, which is consistent with the temporal dynamics of hexamerin secretion, storage and depletion. Confocal microscopy showed hexamerin expression in the cytoplasm of both types of fat body cells, trophocytes and oenocytes. Notably, hexamerin foci were also found in the nuclei of these cells, thus confirming our western blot analysis of fat body nuclear-enriched fractions. We also observed that the decrease in soluble hexamerins in antibody-treated pharate adults led to a precocious adult ecdysis, perhaps in response to the lack (or decrease) in hexamerin-derived amino acids. Taken together, these findings indicate that hexamerins have other functions in addition to their well-established role as amino acid sources for development.
Related Links	http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/insects3041039
Ending Page	1055
Page Count	17
Starting Page	1039
File Format	PDF
ISSN	20754450
e-ISSN	20754450
Journal	Insects
Issue Number	4
Volume Number	3
Language	English
Publisher	MDPI
Publisher Date	2012-10-22
Access Restriction	Open
Rights Holder	MDPI
Subject Keyword	Research in Higher Education
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Insect Science

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