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Spatial and temporal trends of the Stockholm Convention POPs in mothers’ milk — a global review

Content Provider	PubMed Central
Author	Johan, Fång Nyberg, Elisabeth Winnberg, Ulrika Anders, Bignert Bergman, Åke
Abstract	Persistent organic pollutants (POPs) have been of environmental and health concern for more than half a century and have their own intergovernmental regulation through the Stockholm Convention, from 2001. One major concern is the nursing child’s exposure to POPs, a concern that has led to a very large number of scientific studies on POPs in mothers’ milk. The present review is a report on the assessment on worldwide spatial distributions of POPs and of their temporal trends. The data presented herein is a compilation based on scientific publications between 1995 and 2011. It is evident that the concentrations in mothers’ milk depend on the use of pesticides and industrial chemicals defined as POPs. Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and “dioxins” are higher in the more industrialized areas, Europe and Northern America, whereas pesticides are higher in Africa and Asia and polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) are reported in higher concentrations in the USA. POPs are consequently distributed to women in all parts of the world and are thus delivered to the nursing child. The review points out several major problems in the reporting of data, which are crucial to enable high quality comparisons. Even though the data set is large, the comparability is hampered by differences in reporting. In conclusion, much more detailed instructions are needed for reporting POPs in mothers’ milk. Temporal trend data for POPs in mothers’ milk is scarce and is of interest when studying longer time series. The only two countries with long temporal trend studies are Japan and Sweden. In most cases, the trends show decreasing concentrations of POPs in mothers’ milk. However, hexabromocyclododecane is showing increasing temporal concentration trends in both Japan and Sweden.
Related Links	http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11356-015-4080-z
Ending Page	9041
Page Count	53
Starting Page	8989
File Format	PDF
ISSN	09441344
e-ISSN	16147499
Journal	Environmental Science and Pollution Research International
Issue Number	12
Volume Number	22
Language	English
Publisher	Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Publisher Date	2015-06-01
Access Restriction	Open
Rights Holder	Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Subject Keyword	Pollution Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis Environmental Chemistry Research in Higher Education
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Environmental Chemistry Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis Pollution Medicine

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