NDLI: Nitric Oxide and Reactive Oxygen Species in the Pathogenesis of Preeclampsia

Content Provider	PubMed Central
Author	Matsubara, Keiichi Higaki, Takashi Matsubara, Yuko Nawa, Akihiro
Editor	Miller, Francis J.
Copyright Year	2015
Abstract	Preeclampsia (PE) is characterized by disturbed extravillous trophoblast migration toward uterine spiral arteries leading to increased uteroplacental vascular resistance and by vascular dysfunction resulting in reduced systemic vasodilatory properties. Its pathogenesis is mediated by an altered bioavailability of nitric oxide (NO) and tissue damage caused by increased levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Furthermore, superoxide (O2 −) rapidly inactivates NO and forms peroxynitrite (ONOO−). It is known that ONOO− accumulates in the placental tissues and injures the placental function in PE. In addition, ROS could stimulate platelet adhesion and aggregation leading to intravascular coagulopathy. ROS-induced coagulopathy causes placental infarction and impairs the uteroplacental blood flow in PE. The disorders could lead to the reduction of oxygen and nutrients required for normal fetal development resulting in fetal growth restriction. On the other hand, several antioxidants scavenge ROS and protect tissues against oxidative damage. Placental antioxidants including catalase, superoxide dismutase (SOD), and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) protect the vasculature from ROS and maintain the vascular function. However, placental ischemia in PE decreases the antioxidant activity resulting in further elevated oxidative stress, which leads to the appearance of the pathological conditions of PE including hypertension and proteinuria. Oxidative stress is defined as an imbalance between ROS and antioxidant activity. This review provides new insights about roles of oxidative stress in the pathophysiology of PE.
Related Links	http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms16034600
Ending Page	4614
Page Count	15
Starting Page	4600
File Format	PDF
ISSN	14220067
e-ISSN	14220067
Journal	International Journal of Molecular Sciences
Issue Number	3
Volume Number	16
Language	English
Publisher	MDPI
Publisher Date	2015-03-01
Access Restriction	Open
Rights Holder	MDPI
Subject Keyword	Research in Higher Education
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Spectroscopy Organic Chemistry Medicine Molecular Biology Physical and Theoretical Chemistry Catalysis Inorganic Chemistry Computer Science Applications

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1	Ministry of Education (GoI), Department of Higher Education	Sanctioning Authority	https://www.education.gov.in/ict-initiatives
2	Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur	Host Institute of the Project: The host institute of the project is responsible for providing infrastructure support and hosting the project	https://www.iitkgp.ac.in
3	National Digital Library of India Office, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur	The administrative and infrastructural headquarters of the project	Dr. B. Sutradhar bsutra@ndl.gov.in
4	Project PI / Joint PI	Principal Investigator and Joint Principal Investigators of the project	Dr. B. Sutradhar bsutra@ndl.gov.in Prof. Saswat Chakrabarti will be added soon
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7	National Digital Library of India Club (NDLI Club)	Queries related to NDLI Club formation, support, user awareness program, seminar/symposium, collaboration, social media, promotion, and outreach	clubsupport@ndl.gov.in
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