NDLI: Pharmacological targeting the ATR–CHK1–WEE1 axis involves balancing cell growth stimulation and apoptosis

Content Provider	PubMed Central
Author	Mak, Joyce P. Y. Man, Wing Yu Ma, Hoi Tang Poon, Randy Y. C.
Copyright Year	2014
Abstract	The ATR–CHK1–WEE1 kinase cascade's functions in the DNA damage checkpoints are well established. Moreover, its roles in the unperturbed cell cycle are also increasingly being recognized. In this connection, a number of small-molecule inhibitors of ATR, CHK1, and WEE1 are being evaluated in clinical trials. Understanding precisely how cells respond to different concentrations of inhibitors is therefore of paramount importance and has broad clinical implications. Here we present evidence that in the absence of DNA damage, pharmacological inactivation of ATR was less effective in inducing mitotic catastrophe than inhibition of WEE1 and CHK1. Small-molecule inhibitors of CHK1 (AZD7762) or WEE1 (MK-1775) induced mitotic catastrophe, as characterized by dephosphorylation of CDK1Tyr15, phosphorylation of histone H3Ser10, and apoptosis. Unexpectedly, partial inhibition of WEE1 and CHK1 had the opposite effect of accelerating the cell cycle without inducing apoptosis, thereby increasing the overall cell proliferation. This was also corroborated by the finding that cell proliferation was enhanced by kinase-inactive versions of WEE1. We demonstrated that these potential limitations of the inhibitors could be overcome by targeting more than one components of the ATR–CHK1–WEE1 simultaneously. These observations reveal insights into the complex responses to pharmacological inactivation of the ATR–CHK1–WEE1 axis.
Related Links	http://dx.doi.org/10.18632/oncotarget.2508
Ending Page	10557
Page Count	12
Starting Page	10546
File Format	PDF
ISSN	19492553
e-ISSN	19492553
Journal	Oncotarget
Issue Number	21
Volume Number	5
Language	English
Publisher	Impact Journals LLC
Publisher Date	2014-11-01
Access Restriction	Open
Rights Holder	Impact Journals LLC
Subject Keyword	Medicine(all) Research in Higher Education
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Oncology

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4	Project PI / Joint PI	Principal Investigator and Joint Principal Investigators of the project	Dr. B. Sutradhar bsutra@ndl.gov.in Prof. Saswat Chakrabarti will be added soon
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