NDLI: Derived Immune and Ancestral Pigmentation Alleles in a 7,000-Year-old Mesolithic European

Content Provider	PubMed Central
Author	Olalde, Iñigo Allentoft, Morten E. Federico, Sánchez-quinto Gabriel, Santpere Chiang, Charleston W. K. Degiorgio, Michael Javier, Prado-martínez Rodríguez, Juan Antonio Rasmussen, Simon Quilez, Javier Ramírez, Oscar Marigorta, Urko M. Marcos, Fernández-callejo Prada, María Encina Encinas, Julio Manuel Vidal Nielsen, Rasmus Netea, Mihai G. Novembre, John Sturm, Richard A. Sabeti, Pardis Marquès-bonet, Tomàs Navarro, Arcadi Willerslev, Eske Carles, Lalueza-fox
Abstract	Ancient genomic sequences have started revealing the origin and the demographic impact of Neolithic farmers spreading into Europe 1–3 . The adoption of farming, stock breeding and sedentary societies during the Neolithic may have resulted in adaptive changes in genes associated with immunity and diet 4 . However, the limited data available from earlier hunter-gatherers precludes an understanding of the selective processes associated with this crucial transition to agriculture in recent human evolution. By sequencing a ~7,000-year-old Mesolithic skeleton discovered at the La Braña-Arintero site in León (Spain), we retrieved the first complete pre-agricultural European human genome. Analysis of this genome in the context of other ancient samples suggests the existence of a common ancient genomic signature across Western and Central Eurasia from the Upper Paleolithic to the Mesolithic. The La Braña individual carries ancestral alleles in several skin pigmentation genes, suggesting that the light skin of modern Europeans was not yet ubiquitous in Mesolithic times. Moreover, we provide evidence that a significant number of derived, putatively adaptive variants associated with pathogen resistance in modern Europeans were already present in this hunter-gatherer. Hence, these genomic variants cannot represent novel mutations that occurred during the adaptation to the farming lifestyle.
Related Links	http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nature12960
Ending Page	228
Page Count	4
Starting Page	225
File Format	PDF
ISSN	00280836
e-ISSN	14764687
Journal	Nature
Issue Number	7491
Volume Number	507
Language	English
Publisher Date	2014-01-01
Access Restriction	Open
Subject Keyword	General Research in Higher Education
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Multidisciplinary

Sl.	Authority	Responsibilities	Communication Details
1	Ministry of Education (GoI), Department of Higher Education	Sanctioning Authority	https://www.education.gov.in/ict-initiatives
2	Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur	Host Institute of the Project: The host institute of the project is responsible for providing infrastructure support and hosting the project	https://www.iitkgp.ac.in
3	National Digital Library of India Office, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur	The administrative and infrastructural headquarters of the project	Dr. B. Sutradhar bsutra@ndl.gov.in
4	Project PI / Joint PI	Principal Investigator and Joint Principal Investigators of the project	Dr. B. Sutradhar bsutra@ndl.gov.in Prof. Saswat Chakrabarti will be added soon
5	Website/Portal (Helpdesk)	Queries regarding NDLI and its services	support@ndl.gov.in
6	Contents and Copyright Issues	Queries related to content curation and copyright issues	content@ndl.gov.in
7	National Digital Library of India Club (NDLI Club)	Queries related to NDLI Club formation, support, user awareness program, seminar/symposium, collaboration, social media, promotion, and outreach	clubsupport@ndl.gov.in
8	Digital Preservation Centre (DPC)	Assistance with digitizing and archiving copyright-free printed books	dpc@ndl.gov.in
9	IDR Setup or Support	Queries related to establishment and support of Institutional Digital Repository (IDR) and IDR workshops	idr@ndl.gov.in

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