NDLI: Enhanced Virulence of the Escherichia coli O157:H7 Spinach-Associated Outbreak Strain in Two Animal Models Is Associated with Higher Levels of Stx2 Production after Induction with Ciprofloxacin

Content Provider	PubMed Central
Author	Zangari, T. Melton-celsa, A. R. Panda, A. Smith, M. A. Tatarov, I. Tolla, L. De O'brien, A. D.
Editor	Mccormick, B. A.
Copyright Year	2014
Abstract	Shiga toxin (Stx)-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) causes hemorrhagic colitis and the hemolytic-uremic syndrome (HUS). STEC strains may produce Stx1a and/or Stx2a or variants of either toxin. A 2006 spinach-associated outbreak of STEC O157:H7 resulted in higher hospitalization and HUS rates than previous STEC outbreaks. The spinach isolate, strain K3995, contains both stx 2a and stx 2c. We hypothesized that the enhanced virulence of K3995 reflects the combination of stx 2 alleles (carried on lysogenic phages) and/or the amount of Stx2 made by that strain. We compared the virulence of K3995 to those of other O157:H7 isolates and an isogenic Stx2 mutant in rabbits and mice. We also measured the relative levels of Stx2 produced from those strains with or without induction of the stx-carrying phage. Some rabbits infected with K3995 exhibited intestinal pathology and succumbed to infection, while none of those infected with O157:H7 strain 2812 (Stx1a+ Stx2a+) died or showed pathological signs. Rabbits infected with the isogenic Stx2a mutant K3995 stx 2a::cat were not colonized as well as those infected with K3995 and exhibited no signs of disease. In the streptomycin-treated mouse model, more animals infected with K3995 died than did those infected with O157:H7 strain 86-24 (Stx2a+). Additionally, K3995 produced higher levels of total Stx2 and toxin phage DNA in cultures after phage induction than did 86-24. Our results demonstrate the greater virulence of K3995 compared to other O157:H7 strains in rabbits and mice. We conclude that this enhanced virulence is linked to higher levels of Stx2 expression as a consequence of increased phage induction.
Related Links	http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/iai.02361-14
Ending Page	4977
Page Count	10
Starting Page	4968
File Format	PDF
ISSN	00199567
e-ISSN	10985522
Journal	Infection and Immunity
Issue Number	12
Volume Number	82
Language	English
Publisher	American Society for Microbiology
Publisher Date	2014-12-01
Access Restriction	Open
Rights Holder	American Society for Microbiology
Subject Keyword	Immunology Microbiology Parasitology Infectious Diseases Research in Higher Education
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Infectious Diseases Parasitology Immunology Microbiology

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