NDLI: The cytoplasmic poly(A) polymerases GLD-2 and GLD-4 promote general gene expression via distinct mechanisms

Content Provider	PubMed Central
Author	Marco, Nousch Assa, Yeroslaviz Habermann, Bianca Eckmann, Christian R.
Copyright Year	2014
Abstract	Post-transcriptional gene regulation mechanisms decide on cellular mRNA activities. Essential gatekeepers of post-transcriptional mRNA regulation are broadly conserved mRNA-modifying enzymes, such as cytoplasmic poly(A) polymerases (cytoPAPs). Although these non-canonical nucleotidyltransferases efficiently elongate mRNA poly(A) tails in artificial tethering assays, we still know little about their global impact on poly(A) metabolism and their individual molecular roles in promoting protein production in organisms. Here, we use the animal model Caenorhabditis elegans to investigate the global mechanisms of two germline-enriched cytoPAPs, GLD-2 and GLD-4, by combining polysome profiling with RNA sequencing. Our analyses suggest that GLD-2 activity mediates mRNA stability of many translationally repressed mRNAs. This correlates with a general shortening of long poly(A) tails in gld-2-compromised animals, suggesting that most if not all targets are stabilized via robust GLD-2-mediated polyadenylation. By contrast, only mild polyadenylation defects are found in gld-4-compromised animals and few mRNAs change in abundance. Interestingly, we detect a reduced number of polysomes in gld-4 mutants and GLD-4 protein co-sediments with polysomes, which together suggest that GLD-4 might stimulate or maintain translation directly. Our combined data show that distinct cytoPAPs employ different RNA-regulatory mechanisms to promote gene expression, offering new insights into translational activation of mRNAs.
Related Links	http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/nar/gku838
Ending Page	11633
Page Count	12
Starting Page	11622
File Format	PDF
ISSN	13624962
e-ISSN	13624962
Journal	Nucleic Acids Research
Issue Number	18
Volume Number	42
Language	English
Publisher	Oxford University Press
Publisher Date	2014-10-13
Access Restriction	Open
Rights Holder	Oxford University Press
Subject Keyword	Research in Higher Education
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Genetics

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