NDLI: Passive Immunotherapy in Simian Immunodeficiency Virus-Infected Macaques Accelerates the Development of Neutralizing Antibodies

Content Provider	PubMed Central
Author	Haigwood, Nancy L. Montefiori, David C. Sutton, William F. Mcclure, Janela Watson, Andrew J. Voss, Gerald Hirsch, Vanessa M. Richardson, Barbra A. Letvin, Norman L. Hu, Shiu-lok Johnson, Philip R.
Copyright Year	2004
Abstract	Passively transferred neutralizing antibodies can block lentivirus infection, but their role in postexposure prophylaxis is poorly understood. In this nonhuman-primate study, the effects of short-term antibody therapy on 5-year disease progression, virus load, and host immunity were explored. We reported previously that postinfection passive treatment with polyclonal immune globulin with high neutralizing titers against SIVsmE660 (SIVIG) significantly improved the 67-week health of SIVsmE660-infected Macaca mulatta macaques. Four of six treated macaques maintained low or undetectable levels of virus in plasma, compared with one of ten controls, while two rapid progressors controlled viremia only as long as the SIVIG was present. SIVIG treatment delayed the de novo production of envelope (Env)-specific antibodies by 8 weeks (13). We show here that differences in disease progression were also significant at 5 years postinfection, excluding rapid progressors (P = 0.05). Macaques that maintained ≤103 virus particles per ml of plasma and ≤30 infectious virus particles per 106 mononuclear cells from peripheral blood and lymph nodes had delayed disease onset. All macaques that survived beyond 18 months had measurable Gag-specific CD8+ cytotoxic T cells, regardless of treatment. Humoral immunity in survivors beyond 20 weeks was strikingly different in the SIVIG and control groups. Despite a delay in Env-specific binding antibodies, de novo production of neutralizing antibodies was significantly accelerated in SIVIG-treated macaques. Titers of de novo neutralizing antibodies at week 12 were comparable to levels achieved in controls only by week 32 or later. Acceleration of de novo simian immunodeficiency virus immunity in the presence of passively transferred neutralizing antibodies is a novel finding with implications for postexposure prophylaxis and vaccines.
Related Links	http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jvi.78.11.5983-5995.2004
Ending Page	5995
Page Count	13
Starting Page	5983
File Format	PDF
ISSN	0022538X
e-ISSN	10985514
Journal	Journal of Virology
Issue Number	11
Volume Number	78
Language	English
Publisher	American Society for Microbiology
Publisher Date	2004-06-01
Access Restriction	Open
Rights Holder	American Society for Microbiology
Subject Keyword	Immunology Virology Research in Higher Education
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Virology Immunology Microbiology Insect Science

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