NDLI: Surface Structure Characterization of Aspergillus fumigatus Conidia Mutated in the Melanin Synthesis Pathway and Their Human Cellular Immune Response

Content Provider	PubMed Central
Author	Bayry, Jagadeesh Audrey, Beaussart Dufrêne, Yves F. Sharma, Meenu Bansal, Kushagra Olaf, Kniemeyer Aimanianda, Vishukumar Brakhage, Axel A. Kaveri, Srini V. Kwon-chung, Kyung J. Jean-paul, Latgé Beauvais, Anne
Editor	Deepe, G. S.
Copyright Year	2014
Abstract	In Aspergillus fumigatus, the conidial surface contains dihydroxynaphthalene (DHN)-melanin. Six-clustered gene products have been identified that mediate sequential catalysis of DHN-melanin biosynthesis. Melanin thus produced is known to be a virulence factor, protecting the fungus from the host defense mechanisms. In the present study, individual deletion of the genes involved in the initial three steps of melanin biosynthesis resulted in an altered conidial surface with masked surface rodlet layer, leaky cell wall allowing the deposition of proteins on the cell surface and exposing the otherwise-masked cell wall polysaccharides at the surface. Melanin as such was immunologically inert; however, deletion mutant conidia with modified surfaces could activate human dendritic cells and the subsequent cytokine production in contrast to the wild-type conidia. Cell surface defects were rectified in the conidia mutated in downstream melanin biosynthetic pathway, and maximum immune inertness was observed upon synthesis of vermelone onward. These observations suggest that although melanin as such is an immunologically inert material, it confers virulence by facilitating proper formation of the A. fumigatus conidial surface.
Related Links	http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/IAI.01726-14
Ending Page	3153
Page Count	13
Starting Page	3141
File Format	PDF
ISSN	10985522
e-ISSN	10985522
Journal	Infection and Immunity
Issue Number	8
Volume Number	82
Language	English
Publisher	American Society for Microbiology
Publisher Date	2014-08-01
Access Restriction	Open
Rights Holder	American Society for Microbiology
Subject Keyword	Research in Higher Education
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Infectious Diseases Parasitology Immunology Microbiology

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