NDLI: Validation of lower body negative pressure as an experimental model of hemorrhage

Content Provider	PubMed Central
Author	Carmen, Hinojosa-laborde Shade, Robert E. Muniz, Gary W. Bauer, Cassondra Goei, Kathleen A. Pidcoke, Heather F. Chung, Kevin K. Cap, Andrew P. Convertino, Victor A.
Abstract	Lower body negative pressure (LBNP), a model of hemorrhage (Hem), shifts blood to the legs and elicits central hypovolemia. This study compared responses to LBNP and actual Hem in sedated baboons. Arterial pressure, pulse pressure (PP), central venous pressure (CVP), heart rate, stroke volume (SV), and +dP/dt were measured. Hem steps were 6.25%, 12.5%, 18.75%, and 25% of total estimated blood volume. Shed blood was returned, and 4 wk after Hem, the same animals were subjected to four LBNP levels which elicited equivalent changes in PP and CVP observed during Hem. Blood gases, hematocrit (Hct), hemoglobin (Hb), plasma renin activity (PRA), vasopressin (AVP), epinephrine (EPI), and norepinephrine (NE) were measured at baseline and maximum Hem or LBNP. LBNP levels matched with 6.25%, 12.5%, 18.75%, and 25% hemorrhage were −22 ± 6, −41 ± 7, −54 ± 10, and −71 ± 7 mmHg, respectively (mean ± SD). Hemodynamic responses to Hem and LBNP were similar. SV decreased linearly such that 25% Hem and matching LBNP caused a 50% reduction in SV. Hem caused a decrease in Hct, Hb, and central venous oxygen saturation (ScvO2). In contrast, LBNP increased Hct and Hb, while ScvO2 remained unchanged. Hem caused greater elevations in AVP and NE than LBNP, while PRA, EPI, and other hematologic indexes did not differ between studies. These results indicate that while LBNP does not elicit the same effect on blood cell loss as Hem, LBNP mimics the integrative cardiovascular response to Hem, and validates the use of LBNP as an experimental model of central hypovolemia associated with Hem.
Related Links	http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/japplphysiol.00640.2013
Ending Page	415
Page Count	10
Starting Page	406
File Format	PDF
ISSN	15221601
e-ISSN	15221601
Journal	Journal of Applied Physiology
Issue Number	4
Volume Number	116
Language	English
Publisher	American Physiological Society
Publisher Date	2014-02-15
Access Restriction	Open
Rights Holder	American Physiological Society
Subject Keyword	Research in Higher Education
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Physiology Physiology (medical) Sports Science

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