NDLI: Brain networks underlying human timing behavior are influenced by prior context

Content Provider	PubMed Central
Author	Jantzen, Kelly J. Steinberg, Fred L. Kelso, J. A. Scott
Copyright Year	2004
Abstract	The continuation paradigm is often used to investigate the behavioral and neural mechanisms of timing. Typically, a movement rate is established by pacing with a metronome. Then, the metronome is turned off and the subject continues at the established rate. Performance during continuation is assumed to be based on internal timing mechanisms. Here, we investigated the degree to which the neural activity underlying time representation depends on the initial pacing context, that is, whether pacing was established by moving in-phase (the usual procedure) or anti-phase (syncopation) with an auditory metronome. Functional MRI was measured from 14 subjects during four conditions: synchronized pacing, synchronized continuation, syncopated pacing, and syncopated continuation. In general, movements were timed consistently for all four conditions. However, a much broader network of activation was engaged during syncopation compared with synchronization, including increased activation in supplementary motor area, left premotor area, right thalamus, bilateral inferior frontal gyrus, and cerebellum. No differences were found when comparing continuation with the preceding pacing phase except for decreased activity in auditory-related regions due to the absence of the metronome. These results demonstrate that the cortical and subcortical areas recruited to support a simple motor timing task depend crucially on the method used to establish the temporal reference. Thus, the neural mechanisms underlying time and timing are highly flexible, reflecting the context in which the timing is established.
Related Links	http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0401300101
Ending Page	6820
Page Count	6
Starting Page	6815
File Format	PDF
ISSN	00278424
e-ISSN	10916490
Journal	Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
Issue Number	17
Volume Number	101
Language	English
Publisher	National Academy of Sciences
Publisher Date	2004-04-27
Access Restriction	Open
Rights Holder	National Academy of Sciences
Subject Keyword	General Research in Higher Education
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Multidisciplinary

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1	Ministry of Education (GoI), Department of Higher Education	Sanctioning Authority	https://www.education.gov.in/ict-initiatives
2	Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur	Host Institute of the Project: The host institute of the project is responsible for providing infrastructure support and hosting the project	https://www.iitkgp.ac.in
3	National Digital Library of India Office, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur	The administrative and infrastructural headquarters of the project	Dr. B. Sutradhar bsutra@ndl.gov.in
4	Project PI / Joint PI	Principal Investigator and Joint Principal Investigators of the project	Dr. B. Sutradhar bsutra@ndl.gov.in Prof. Saswat Chakrabarti will be added soon
5	Website/Portal (Helpdesk)	Queries regarding NDLI and its services	support@ndl.gov.in
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