NDLI: Effects of cigarette smoke on Toll-like receptor (TLR) activation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) macrophages

Content Provider	PubMed Central
Author	Metcalfe, H. J. Lea, S. Hughes, D. Khalaf, R. Abbott-banner, K. Singh, D.
Copyright Year	2014
Abstract	Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is characterized by an abnormal innate immune response. We have investigated the changes in the innate immune response of COPD alveolar macrophages exposed to both cigarette smoke and Toll-like receptor (TLR) stimulation. COPD and control alveolar macrophages were exposed to cigarette smoke extract (CSE) followed by TLR-2,-4 and-5 ligands [Pam3CSK4, lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and phase I flagellin (FliC), respectively] or non-typeable Haemophilus influenzae (NTHi). CSE exposure suppressed TLR-induced tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)-6, IL-10 and regulated on activation, normal T cell expressed and secreted (RANTES) production in both COPD and control alveolar macrophages, but had no effect on interleukin 8 (CXCL8) production. Similarly, CSE suppressed NTHi-induced TNF-α but not NTHi-induced CXCL8 production in COPD alveolar macrophages. Gene expression analysis showed that CSE suppressed LPS-induced TNF-α transcription but not CXCL8 transcription in COPD alveolar macrophages. The dampening effect of CSE on LPS-induced cytokine production was associated with a reduction in p38, extracellular signal regulated kinase (ERK) and p65 activation. In conclusion, CSE caused a reduced innate immune response in COPD alveolar macrophages, with the exception of persistent CXCL8 production. This could be a mechanism by which alveolar macrophages promote neutrophil chemotaxis under conditions of oxidative stress and bacterial exposure.
Related Links	http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/cei.12289
Ending Page	472
Page Count	12
Starting Page	461
File Format	PDF
ISSN	00099104
e-ISSN	13652249
Journal	Clinical and Experimental Immunology
Issue Number	3
Volume Number	176
Language	English
Publisher	Blackwell Publishing Ltd
Publisher Date	2014-06-01
Access Restriction	Open
Rights Holder	Blackwell Publishing Ltd
Subject Keyword	Immunology Immunology and Allergy Research in Higher Education
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Immunology and Allergy Immunology

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