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Year: 2013, Volume: 9, Issue: 1

Year: 2012, Volume: 8

An improved whole cell pertussis vaccine with reduced content of endotoxin

Content Provider	PubMed Central
Author	Dias, Waldely Oliveira Ark, Arno A. J. Van Der Aparecida, Sakauchi Maria Saldanha, Kubrusly Flávia Prestes, Ana Fabíola R. O. Borges, Monamaris Marques Furuyama, Noemi Horton, Denise S. P. Q. Quintilio, Wagner Marta, Antoniazi Kuipers, Betsy Van, Der Zeijst Bernard A. M. Raw, Isaias
Copyright Year	2013
Abstract	An improved whole cell pertussis vaccine, designated as Plow, which is low in endotoxicity due to a chemical extraction of lipo-oligosaccharide (LOS) from the outer membrane, was evaluated for safety, immunogenicity and potency, comparatively to a traditional whole cell pertussis vaccine. Current whole cell pertussis vaccines are effective but contain large quantities of endotoxin and consequently display local and systemic adverse reactions after administration. Endotoxin is highly inflammatory and contributes considerably to the reactogenicity as well as the potency of these vaccines. In contrast, acellular pertussis vaccines hardly contain endotoxin and are significantly less reactogenic, but their elevated costs limit their global use, especially in developing countries. In this paper, bulk products of Plow and a traditional whole cell vaccine, formulated as plain monocomponents or combined with diphtheria and tetanus toxoids (DTPlow or DTP, respectively) were compared by in vitro and in vivo assays. Chemical extraction of LOS resulted in a significant decrease in endotoxin content (20%) and a striking decline in endotoxin related toxicity (up to 97%), depending on the used in vitro or in vivo test. The LOS extraction did not affect the integrity of the product and, more importantly, did not affect the potency and/or stability of DTPlow. Moreover, hardly any differences in antibody and T-cell responses were observed. The development of Plow is a significant improvement regarding the endotoxicity of whole cell pertussis vaccines and therefore a promising and affordable alternative to currently available whole cell or acellular pertussis vaccines for developing countries.
Related Links	http://dx.doi.org/10.4161/hv.22847
Ending Page	348
Page Count	10
Starting Page	339
File Format	PDF
ISSN	21645515
e-ISSN	2164554X
Journal	Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics
Issue Number	2
Volume Number	9
Language	English
Publisher	Landes Bioscience
Publisher Date	2013-02-01
Access Restriction	Open
Rights Holder	Landes Bioscience
Subject Keyword	Research in Higher Education
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Immunology and Allergy Immunology Pharmacology

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