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| Content Provider | PubMed Central |
|---|---|
| Author | Miriam, Korte-berwanger Sakinc, Türkan Kline, Kimberly Nielsen, Hailyn V. Hultgren, Scott Gatermann, Sören G. |
| Editor | Camilli, A. |
| Copyright Year | 2013 |
| Abstract | Staphylococcus saprophyticus is the only species of Staphylococcus that is typically uropathogenic and possesses a gene coding for a d-serine-deaminase (DsdA). As d-serine is prevalent in urine and toxic or bacteriostatic to many bacteria, it is not surprising that the d-serine-deaminase gene is found in the genome of uropathogens. It has been suggested that d-serine-deaminase or the ability to respond to or to metabolize d-serine is important for virulence. For uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC), a high intracellular d-serine concentration affects expression of virulence factors. S. saprophyticus is able to grow in the presence of high d-serine concentrations; however, its d-serine metabolism has not been described. The activity of the d-serine-deaminase was verified by analyzing the formation of pyruvate from d-serine in different strains with and without d-serine-deaminase. Cocultivation experiments were performed to show that d-serine-deaminase confers a growth advantage to S. saprophyticus in the presence of d-serine. Furthermore, in vivo coinfection experiments showed a disadvantage for the ΔdsdA mutant during urinary tract infection. Expression analysis of known virulence factors by reverse transcription-quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) showed that the surface-associated lipase Ssp is upregulated in the presence of d-serine. In addition, we show that S. saprophyticus is able to use d-serine as the sole carbon source, but interestingly, d-serine had a negative effect on growth when glucose was also present. Taken together, d-serine metabolism is associated with virulence in S. saprophyticus, as at least one known virulence factor is upregulated in the presence of d-serine and a ΔdsdA mutant was attenuated in virulence murine model of urinary tract infection. |
| Related Links | http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/IAI.00599-13 |
| Ending Page | 4533 |
| Page Count | 9 |
| Starting Page | 4525 |
| File Format | |
| ISSN | 10985522 |
| e-ISSN | 10985522 |
| Journal | Infection and Immunity |
| Issue Number | 12 |
| Volume Number | 81 |
| Language | English |
| Publisher | American Society for Microbiology |
| Publisher Date | 2013-12-01 |
| Access Restriction | Open |
| Rights Holder | American Society for Microbiology |
| Subject Keyword | Research in Higher Education |
| Content Type | Text |
| Resource Type | Article |
| Subject | Infectious Diseases Parasitology Immunology Microbiology |
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