NDLI: Determining the One, Two, Three, or Four Long and Short Loci of Human Complement C4 in a Major Histocompatibility Complex Haplotype Encoding C4A or C4B Proteins

Content Provider	PubMed Central
Author	Chung, Erwin K. Yang, Yan Rupert, Kristi L. Jones, Karla N. Rennebohm, Robert M. Blanchong, Carol A. Yu, C. Yung
Copyright Year	2002
Abstract	The complex genetics of human complement C4 with unusually frequent variations in the size and number of C4A and C4B, as well as their neighboring genes, in the major histocompatibility complex has been a hurdle for accurate epidemiological studies of diseases associated with C4. A comprehensive series of novel or improved techniques has been developed to determine the total gene number of C4 and the relative dosages of C4A and C4B in a diploid genome. These techniques include (1) definitive genomic restriction-fragment–length polymorphisms (RFLPs) based on the discrete duplication patterns of the RCCX ( RP-C4-CYP21-TNX ) modules and on the specific nucleotide changes for C4A and C4B isotypes; (2) module-specific PCR to give information on the total number of C4 genes by comparing the relative quantities of RP1- or TNXB-specific fragments with TNXA-RP2 fragments; (3) labeled-primer single-cycle DNA polymerization procedure of amplified C4d genomic DNA for diagnostic RFLP analysis of C4A and C4B; and (4) a highly reproducible long-range–mapping method that employs PmeI-digested genomic DNA for pulsed-field gel electrophoresis, to yield precise information on the number of long and short C4 genes in a haplotype. Applications of these vigorously tested techniques may clarify the roles that human C4A and C4B gene-dosage variations play in infectious and autoimmune diseases.
Related Links	http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/342778
Ending Page	822
Page Count	13
Starting Page	810
File Format	PDF
ISSN	00029297
e-ISSN	15376605
Journal	American Journal of Human Genetics
Issue Number	4
Volume Number	71
Language	English
Publisher	The American Society of Human Genetics
Publisher Date	2002-10-01
Access Restriction	Open
Rights Holder	The American Society of Human Genetics
Subject Keyword	Genetics(clinical) Genetics Research in Higher Education
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Genetics Genetics (clinical)

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Determining the One, Two, Three, or Four Long and Short Loci of Human Complement C4 in a Major Histocompatibility Complex Haplotype Encoding C4A or C4B Proteins

Genetic Sophistication of Human Complement Components C4A and C4B and RP-C4-CYP21-TNX (RCCX) Modules in the Major Histocompatibility Complex

Genetic Sophistication of Human Complement Components C4A and C4B and RP-C4-CYP21-TNX (RCCX) Modules in the Major Histocompatibility Complex

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Determining the One, Two, Three, or Four Long and Short Loci of Human Complement C4 in a Major Histocompatibility Complex Haplotype Encoding C4A or C4B Proteins

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