NDLI: Intrinsic gray-matter connectivity of the brain in adults with autism spectrum disorder

Content Provider	PubMed Central
Author	Ecker, Christine Ronan, Lisa Feng, Yue Daly, Eileen Murphy, Clodagh Ginestet, Cedric E. Brammer, Michael Fletcher, Paul C. Bullmore, Edward T. Suckling, John Baron Cohen, Simon Williams, Steve Loth, Eva Murphy, Declan G. M. Bailey, A. J. Baron Cohen, S. Bolton, P. F. Bullmore, E. T. Carrington, S. Chakrabarti, B. Daly, E. M. Deoni, S. C. Ecker, C. Happe, F. Henty, J. Jezzard, P. Johnston, P. Jones, D. K. Lai, M. C. Lombardo, M. V. Madden, A. Mullins, D. Murphy, C. M. Murphy, D. G. Pasco, G. Sadek, S. Spain, D. Steward, R. Suckling, J. Wheelwright, S. Williams, S. C.
Abstract	Autism spectrum disorders (ASD) are a group of neurodevelopmental conditions that are accompanied by atypical brain connectivity. So far, in vivo evidence for atypical structural brain connectivity in ASD has mainly been based on neuroimaging studies of cortical white matter. However, genetic studies suggest that abnormal connectivity in ASD may also affect neural connections within the cortical gray matter. Such intrinsic gray-matter connections are inherently more difficult to describe in vivo but may be inferred from a variety of surface-based geometric features that can be measured using magnetic resonance imaging. Here, we present a neuroimaging study that examines the intrinsic cortico-cortical connectivity of the brain in ASD using measures of “cortical separation distances” to assess the global and local intrinsic “wiring costs” of the cortex (i.e., estimated length of horizontal connections required to wire the cortex within the cortical sheet). In a sample of 68 adults with ASD and matched controls, we observed significantly reduced intrinsic wiring costs of cortex in ASD, both globally and locally. Differences in global and local wiring cost were predominantly observed in fronto-temporal regions and also significantly predicted the severity of social and repetitive symptoms (respectively). Our study confirms that atypical cortico-cortical “connectivity” in ASD is not restricted to the development of white-matter connections but may also affect the intrinsic gray-matter architecture (and connectivity) within the cortical sheet. Thus, the atypical connectivity of the brain in ASD is complex, affecting both gray and white matter, and forms part of the core neural substrates underlying autistic symptoms.
Related Links	http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1221880110
Ending Page	13227
Page Count	6
Starting Page	13222
File Format	PDF
ISSN	00278424
e-ISSN	10916490
Journal	Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
Issue Number	32
Volume Number	110
Language	English
Publisher	National Academy of Sciences
Publisher Date	2013-08-06
Access Restriction	Open
Rights Holder	National Academy of Sciences
Subject Keyword	General Research in Higher Education
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Multidisciplinary

Sl.	Authority	Responsibilities	Communication Details
1	Ministry of Education (GoI), Department of Higher Education	Sanctioning Authority	https://www.education.gov.in/ict-initiatives
2	Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur	Host Institute of the Project: The host institute of the project is responsible for providing infrastructure support and hosting the project	https://www.iitkgp.ac.in
3	National Digital Library of India Office, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur	The administrative and infrastructural headquarters of the project	Dr. B. Sutradhar bsutra@ndl.gov.in
4	Project PI / Joint PI	Principal Investigator and Joint Principal Investigators of the project	Dr. B. Sutradhar bsutra@ndl.gov.in Prof. Saswat Chakrabarti will be added soon
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9	IDR Setup or Support	Queries related to establishment and support of Institutional Digital Repository (IDR) and IDR workshops	idr@ndl.gov.in

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