NDLI: Toll-Like Receptor–2/6 and Toll-Like Receptor–9 Agonists Suppress Viral Replication but Not Airway Hyperreactivity in Guinea Pigs

Content Provider	PubMed Central
Author	Drake, Matthew G. Evans, Scott E. Dickey, Burton F. Fryer, Allison D. Jacoby, David B.
Copyright Year	2013
Abstract	Respiratory virus infections cause airway hyperreactivity (AHR). Preventative strategies for virus-induced AHR remain limited. Toll-like receptors (TLRs) have been suggested as a therapeutic target because of their central role in triggering antiviral immune responses. Previous studies showed that concurrent treatment with TLR2/6 and TLR9 agonists reduced lethality and the microbial burden in murine models of bacterial and viral pneumonia. This study investigated the effects of TLR2/6 and TLR9 agonist pretreatment on parainfluenza virus pneumonia and virus-induced AHR in guinea pigs in vivo. Synthetic TLR2/6 lipopeptide agonist Pam2CSK4 and Class C oligodeoxynucleotide TLR9 agonist ODN2395, administered in combination 24 hours before virus infection, significantly reduced viral replication in the lung. Despite a fivefold reduction in viral titers, concurrent TLR2/6 and TLR9 agonist pretreatment did not prevent virus-induced AHR or virus-induced inhibitory M2 muscarinic receptor dysfunction. Interestingly, the TLR agonists independently caused non–M2-dependent AHR. These data confirm the therapeutic antiviral potential of TLR agonists, while suggesting that virus inhibition may be insufficient to prevent virus-induced airway pathophysiology. Furthermore, TLR agonists independently cause AHR, albeit through a distinctly different mechanism from that of parainfluenza virus.
Related Links	http://dx.doi.org/10.1165/rcmb.2012-0498oc
Ending Page	796
Page Count	7
Starting Page	790
File Format	PDF
ISSN	10441549
e-ISSN	15354989
Journal	American Journal of Respiratory Cell and Molecular Biology
Issue Number	6
Volume Number	48
Language	English
Publisher	American Thoracic Society
Publisher Date	2013-06-01
Access Restriction	Open
Rights Holder	American Thoracic Society
Subject Keyword	Clinical Biochemistry Cell Biology Molecular Biology Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine Research in Higher Education
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine Cell Biology Molecular Biology Clinical Biochemistry

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