NDLI: Simple and rapid hydrogenation of p-nitrophenol with aqueous formic acid in catalytic flow reactors

Content Provider	PubMed Central
Author	Javaid, Rahat Kawasaki, Shin-ichiro Suzuki, Akira Suzuki, Toshishige M.
Editor	Andreas, Kirschning
Copyright Year	2013
Abstract	The inner surface of a metallic tube (i.d. 0.5 mm) was coated with a palladium (Pd)-based thin metallic layer by flow electroless plating. Simultaneous plating of Pd and silver (Ag) from their electroless-plating solution produced a mixed distributed bimetallic layer. Preferential acid leaching of Ag from the Pd–Ag layer produced a porous Pd surface. Hydrogenation of p-nitrophenol was examined in the presence of formic acid simply by passing the reaction solution through the catalytic tubular reactors. p-Aminophenol was the sole product of hydrogenation. No side reaction occurred. Reaction conversion with respect to p-nitrophenol was dependent on the catalyst layer type, the temperature, pH, amount of formic acid, and the residence time. A porous and oxidized Pd (PdO) surface gave the best reaction conversion among the catalytic reactors examined. p-Nitrophenol was converted quantitatively to p-aminophenol within 15 s of residence time in the porous PdO reactor at 40 °C. Evolution of carbon dioxide (CO2) was observed during the reaction, although hydrogen (H2) was not found in the gas phase. Dehydrogenation of formic acid did not occur to any practical degree in the absence of p-nitrophenol. Consequently, the nitro group was reduced via hydrogen transfer from formic acid to p-nitrophenol and not by hydrogen generated by dehydrogenation of formic acid.
Related Links	http://dx.doi.org/10.3762/bjoc.9.129
Ending Page	1163
Page Count	8
Starting Page	1156
File Format	PDF
ISSN	18605397
e-ISSN	18605397
Journal	Beilstein Journal of Organic Chemistry
Volume Number	9
Language	English
Publisher	Beilstein-Institut
Publisher Date	2013-06-01
Access Restriction	Open
Rights Holder	Beilstein-Institut
Subject Keyword	Organic Chemistry Research in Higher Education
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Organic Chemistry

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