NDLI: A Review of Exposure Assessment Methods in Epidemiological Studies on Incinerators

Content Provider	PubMed Central
Author	Michele, Cordioli Ranzi, Andrea Leo, Giulio A. De Paolo, Lauriola
Copyright Year	2013
Abstract	Incineration is a common technology for waste disposal, and there is public concern for the health impact deriving from incinerators. Poor exposure assessment has been claimed as one of the main causes of inconsistency in the epidemiological literature. We reviewed 41 studies on incinerators published between 1984 and January 2013 and classified them on the basis of exposure assessment approach. Moreover, we performed a simulation study to explore how the different exposure metrics may influence the exposure levels used in epidemiological studies. 19 studies used linear distance as a measure of exposure to incinerators, 11 studies atmospheric dispersion models, and the remaining 11 studies a qualitative variable such as presence/absence of the source. All reviewed studies utilized residence as a proxy for population exposure, although residence location was evaluated with different precision (e.g., municipality, census block, or exact address). Only one study reconstructed temporal variability in exposure. Our simulation study showed a notable degree of exposure misclassification caused by the use of distance compared to dispersion modelling. We suggest that future studies (i) make full use of pollution dispersion models; (ii) localize population on a fine-scale; and (iii) explicitly account for the presence of potential environmental and socioeconomic confounding.
Related Links	http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/129470
Starting Page	129470
File Format	PDF
ISSN	16879805
e-ISSN	16879813
Journal	Journal of Environmental and Public Health
Volume Number	2013
Language	English
Publisher	Hindawi Publishing Corporation
Publisher Date	2013-01-01
Access Restriction	Open
Rights Holder	Hindawi Publishing Corporation
Subject Keyword	Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis Research in Higher Education
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health

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