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Anti-diabetic functions of soy isoflavone genistein: mechanisms underlying effects on pancreatic β-cell function
| Content Provider | PubMed Central |
|---|---|
| Author | Gilbert, Elizabeth R. Liu, Dongmin |
| Abstract | Type 2 diabetes is a result of chronic insulin resistance and loss of functional pancreatic β-cell mass. Strategies to preserve β-cell mass and a greater understanding of the mechanisms underlying β-cell turnover are needed to prevent and treat this devastating disease. Genistein, a naturally-occurring soy isoflavone, is reported to have numerous health benefits attributed to multiple biological functions. Over the past 10 years, numerous studies have demonstrated that genistein has anti-diabetic effects, in particular, direct effects on β-cell proliferation, glucose-stimulated insulin secretion and protection against apoptosis, independent of its functions as an estrogen receptor agonist, antioxidant, or tyrosine kinase inhibitor. Effects are structure-specific and not common to all flavonoids. While there are limited data on the effects of genistein consumption in humans with diabetes, there are a plethora of animal and cell-culture studies that demonstrate, at physiologically-relevant concentrations (<10 µM), a direct effect of genistein on β-cells. The effects appear to involve cAMP/PKA signaling and there are some studies that suggest an effect on epigenetic regulation of gene expression. This review focuses on the anti-diabetic effects of genistein in both in-vitro and in-vivo models and potential mechanisms underlying its direct effects on β-cells. |
| Related Links | http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c2fo30199g |
| Ending Page | 212 |
| Page Count | 13 |
| Starting Page | 200 |
| File Format | |
| ISSN | 20426496 |
| e-ISSN | 2042650X |
| Journal | Food & function |
| Issue Number | 2 |
| Volume Number | 4 |
| Language | English |
| Publisher Date | 2013-01-01 |
| Access Restriction | Open |
| Subject Keyword | Research in Higher Education |
| Content Type | Text |
| Resource Type | Article |
| Subject | Medicine Food Science |
