NDLI: A critical role of toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) and its' in vivo ligands in basal radio-resistance

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A critical role of toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) and its' in vivo ligands in basal radio-resistance

Year: 2013, Volume: 4, Issue: 4

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A critical role of toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) and its' in vivo ligands in basal radio-resistance

Content Provider	PubMed Central
Author	Liu, C. Zhang, C. Mitchel, R. Ej Cui, J. Lin, J. Yang, Y. Liu, X. Cai, J.
Copyright Year	2013
Abstract	Toll-like receptor-4 (TLR4) plays a critical role in innate and acquired immunity, but its role in radio-resistance is unknown. We used TLR4 knockout (KO,−/−) mice and gut commensal depletion methods, to test the influence of TLR4 and its' in vivo agonist on basal radio-resistance. We found that mice deficient in TLR4 were more susceptible to IR-induced mortality and morbidity. Mortality of TLR4-deficient mice after IR was associated with a severe and persistent bone marrow cell loss. Injection of lipopolysaccharide into normal mice, which is known to activate TLR4 in vivo, induced radio-resistance. Moreover, TLR4 in vivo ligands are required for basal radio-resistance. We found that exposure to radiation leads to significant endotoxemia that also confers endogenous protection from irradiation. The circulating endotoxins appear to originate from the gut, as sterilization of the gut with antibiotics lead to increased mortality from radiation. Further data indicated that Myd88, but not TRIF, may be the critical adaptor in TLR4-induced radio-resistance. Taken together, these data strongly suggest that TLR4 plays a critical role in basal radio-resistance. Our data suggest, it is important not to give antibiotics that may sterilize the gut before the whole body irradiation. Further, these data also suggest that management of gut flora through antibiotic or possibly probiotic therapy may alter the innate response to the total body irradiation.
Related Links	http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/cddis.2013.161
Starting Page	649
File Format	PDF
ISSN	20414889
e-ISSN	20414889
Journal	Cell Death & Disease
Issue Number	5
Volume Number	4
Language	English
Publisher	Nature Publishing Group
Publisher Date	2013-05-01
Access Restriction	Open
Rights Holder	Nature Publishing Group
Subject Keyword	Research in Higher Education
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Cell Biology Medicine Cancer Research Immunology Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience

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