NDLI: Gonadotropins Activate Oncogenic Pathways to Enhance Proliferation in Normal Mouse Ovarian Surface Epithelium

Content Provider	PubMed Central
Author	Hilliard, Tyvette S. Modi, Dimple A. Burdette, Joanna E.
Copyright Year	2013
Abstract	Ovarian cancer is the most lethal gynecological malignancy affecting American women. The gonadotropins, follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH), have been implicated as growth factors in ovarian cancer. In the present study, pathways activated by FSH and LH in normal ovarian surface epithelium (OSE) grown in their microenvironment were investigated. Gonadotropins increased proliferation in both three-dimensional (3D) ovarian organ culture and in a two-dimensional (2D) normal mouse cell line. A mouse cancer pathway qPCR array using mRNA collected from 3D organ cultures identified Akt as a transcriptionally upregulated target following stimulation with FSH, LH and the combination of FSH and LH. Activation of additional pathways, such as Birc5, Cdk2, Cdk4, and Cdkn2a identified in the 3D organ cultures, were validated by western blot using the 2D cell line. Akt and epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) inhibitors blocked gonadotropin-induced cell proliferation in 3D organ and 2D cell culture. OSE isolated from 3D organ cultures stimulated with LH or hydrogen peroxide initiated growth in soft agar. Hydrogen peroxide stimulated colonies were further enhanced when supplemented with FSH. LH colony formation and FSH promotion were blocked by Akt and EGFR inhibitors. These data suggest that the gonadotropins stimulate some of the same proliferative pathways in normal OSE that are activated in ovarian cancers.
Related Links	http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms14034762
Ending Page	4782
Page Count	21
Starting Page	4762
File Format	PDF
ISSN	14220067
e-ISSN	14220067
Journal	International Journal of Molecular Sciences
Issue Number	3
Volume Number	14
Language	English
Publisher	Molecular Diversity Preservation International (MDPI)
Publisher Date	2013-02-01
Access Restriction	Open
Rights Holder	Molecular Diversity Preservation International (MDPI)
Subject Keyword	Physical and Theoretical Chemistry Inorganic Chemistry Organic Chemistry Spectroscopy Molecular Biology Catalysis Computer Science Applications Research in Higher Education
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Spectroscopy Organic Chemistry Medicine Molecular Biology Physical and Theoretical Chemistry Catalysis Inorganic Chemistry Computer Science Applications

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