NDLI: Captured retroviral envelope syncytin gene associated with the unique placental structure of higher ruminants

Content Provider	PubMed Central
Author	Cornelis, Guillaume Heidmann, Odile Degrelle, Séverine A. Vernochet, Cécile Lavialle, Christian Letzelter, Claire Bernard-stoecklin, Sibylle Alexandre, Hassanin Mulot, Baptiste Michel, Guillomot Hue, Isabelle Heidmann, Thierry Anne, Dupressoir
Abstract	Syncytins are envelope genes of retroviral origin that have been co-opted for a role in placentation and likely contribute to the remarkable diversity of placental structures. Independent capture events have been identified in primates, rodents, lagomorphs, and carnivores, where they are involved in the formation of a syncytium layer at the fetomaternal interface via trophoblast cell–cell fusion. We searched for similar genes within the suborder Ruminantia where the placenta lacks an extended syncytium layer but displays a heterologous cell-fusion process unique among eutherian mammals. An in silico search for intact envelope genes within the Bos taurus genome identified 18 candidates belonging to five endogenous retrovirus families, with one gene displaying both placenta-specific expression, as assessed by quantitative RT-PCR analyses of a large panel of tissues, and conservation in the Ovis aries genome. Both the bovine and ovine orthologs displayed fusogenic activity by conferring infectivity on retroviral pseudotypes and triggering cell–cell fusion. In situ hybridization of placenta sections revealed specific expression in the trophoblast binucleate cells, consistent with a role in the formation—by heterologous cell fusion with uterine cells—of the trinucleate cells of the cow and the syncytial plaques of the ewe. Finally, we show that this gene, which we named “Syncytin-Rum1,” is conserved among 16 representatives of higher ruminants, with evidence for purifying selection and conservation of its fusogenic properties, over 30 millions years of evolution. These data argue for syncytins being a major driving force in the emergence and diversity of the placenta.
Related Links	http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1215787110
Starting Page	828
File Format	PDF
ISSN	00278424
e-ISSN	10916490
Journal	Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
Issue Number	9
Volume Number	110
Language	English
Publisher	National Academy of Sciences
Publisher Date	2013-02-26
Access Restriction	Open
Rights Holder	National Academy of Sciences
Subject Keyword	General Research in Higher Education
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Multidisciplinary

Sl.	Authority	Responsibilities	Communication Details
1	Ministry of Education (GoI), Department of Higher Education	Sanctioning Authority	https://www.education.gov.in/ict-initiatives
2	Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur	Host Institute of the Project: The host institute of the project is responsible for providing infrastructure support and hosting the project	https://www.iitkgp.ac.in
3	National Digital Library of India Office, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur	The administrative and infrastructural headquarters of the project	Dr. B. Sutradhar bsutra@ndl.gov.in
4	Project PI / Joint PI	Principal Investigator and Joint Principal Investigators of the project	Dr. B. Sutradhar bsutra@ndl.gov.in Prof. Saswat Chakrabarti will be added soon
5	Website/Portal (Helpdesk)	Queries regarding NDLI and its services	support@ndl.gov.in
6	Contents and Copyright Issues	Queries related to content curation and copyright issues	content@ndl.gov.in
7	National Digital Library of India Club (NDLI Club)	Queries related to NDLI Club formation, support, user awareness program, seminar/symposium, collaboration, social media, promotion, and outreach	clubsupport@ndl.gov.in
8	Digital Preservation Centre (DPC)	Assistance with digitizing and archiving copyright-free printed books	dpc@ndl.gov.in
9	IDR Setup or Support	Queries related to establishment and support of Institutional Digital Repository (IDR) and IDR workshops	idr@ndl.gov.in

Captured retroviral envelope syncytin gene associated with the unique placental structure of higher ruminants

Captured retroviral envelope syncytin gene associated with the unique placental structure of higher ruminants.

Retroviral envelope gene captures and syncytin exaptation for placentation in marsupials

A pair of co-opted retroviral envelope syncytin genes is required for formation of the two-layered murine placental syncytiotrophoblast

The syncytin-A envelope gene of retroviral origin is essential for mouse placental development

The syncytin-A envelope gene of retroviral origin is essential for mouse placental development

Syncytin-A and syncytin-B, two fusogenic placenta-specific murine envelope genes of retroviral origin conserved in Muridae

Ancestral capture of syncytin-Car1, a fusogenic endogenous retroviral envelope gene involved in placentation and conserved in Carnivora

Identification of syncytin-car-1, an endogenous retroviral envelope gene involved in placentation and conserved in Carnivora: a syncytin in a new superorder of placental mammals

Captured retroviral envelope syncytin gene associated with the unique placental structure of higher ruminants

Similar Documents

Captured retroviral envelope syncytin gene associated with the unique placental structure of higher ruminants

Captured retroviral envelope syncytin gene associated with the unique placental structure of higher ruminants.

Retroviral envelope gene captures and syncytin exaptation for placentation in marsupials

A pair of co-opted retroviral envelope syncytin genes is required for formation of the two-layered murine placental syncytiotrophoblast

The syncytin-A envelope gene of retroviral origin is essential for mouse placental development

The syncytin-A envelope gene of retroviral origin is essential for mouse placental development

Syncytin-A and syncytin-B, two fusogenic placenta-specific murine envelope genes of retroviral origin conserved in Muridae

Ancestral capture of syncytin-Car1, a fusogenic endogenous retroviral envelope gene involved in placentation and conserved in Carnivora

Identification of syncytin-car-1, an endogenous retroviral envelope gene involved in placentation and conserved in Carnivora: a syncytin in a new superorder of placental mammals

Captured retroviral envelope syncytin gene associated with the unique placental structure of higher ruminants