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| Content Provider | PubMed Central |
|---|---|
| Author | Carroll, Candace E. Liang, Yayun Indira, Benakanakere Cynthia, Besch-williford Hyder, Salman M. |
| Copyright Year | 2013 |
| Abstract | Recent epidemiological studies show that postmenopausal women taking estrogen-progestin hormone replacement therapy (HRT) have a higher risk of breast cancer than women on an HRT regimen lacking progestins. This may be related to the observation that progestin-treated breast cancer cells express and secrete high levels of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), a potent angiogenic factor that promotes breast tumor growth. Anti-progestins such as RU-486 block this effect, indicating that progesterone receptors (PR) are involved in promoting VEGF induction; however antiprogestins cross-react with other steroid receptors which limits their clinical use. Alternative strategies are, therefore, needed to arrest the growth of progestin-dependent tumors. 3-(5′-hydroxymethyl-2′-furyl)-1-benzylindazole (YC-1), a novel anticancer drug initially developed as an inhibitor of HIF-1α, is currently undergoing preclinical trials against various forms of cancer. Since HIF-1α has recently been implicated in PR-mediated VEGF synthesis, we undertook studies to determine whether YC-1 inhibits progestin-dependent VEGF induction and tumor progression. Surprisingly, we found that YC-1 downregulated PR in human breast cancer cells, both in vivo and in vitro, thereby blocking progestin-dependent induction of VEGF and tumor growth. YC-1 also inhibited progestin-accelerated DMBA-induced mammary tumors in rats, properties which would likely render it effective against progestin-dependent tumors which frequently develop in post-menopausal women. We, therefore, propose that based on our observations, YC-1 warrants further investigation as a novel agent which could prove extremely useful as an anti-angiogenic chemotherapeutic drug. |
| Related Links | http://dx.doi.org/10.3892/ijo.2012.1675 |
| Ending Page | 187 |
| Starting Page | 179 |
| File Format | |
| ISSN | 17912423 |
| e-ISSN | 17912423 |
| Journal | International Journal of Oncology |
| Issue Number | 1 |
| Volume Number | 42 |
| Language | English |
| Publisher | D.A. Spandidos |
| Publisher Date | 2012-10-24 |
| Access Restriction | Open |
| Rights Holder | D.A. Spandidos |
| Subject Keyword | Research in Higher Education |
| Content Type | Text |
| Resource Type | Article |
| Subject | Cancer Research Oncology |
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