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Evidence for the intra-uterine programming of adiposity in later life
| Content Provider | PubMed Central |
|---|---|
| Author | Fall, Caroline Hd |
| Abstract | Research in animals has shown that altering fetal nutrition by under-nourishing or over-nourishing the mother or rendering her diabetic, or fetal exposure to glucocorticoids and toxins, can programme obesity in later life. The increased adiposity is mediated by permanent changes in appetite, food choices, physical activity and energy metabolism. In humans, increased adiposity has been shown in people who experienced fetal under-nutrition due to maternal famine, or over-nutrition due to maternal diabetes. Lower birth weight (a proxy for fetal under-nutrition) is associated with a reduced adult lean mass and increased intra-abdominal fat. Higher birthweight caused by maternal diabetes is associated with increased total fat mass and obesity in later life. There is growing evidence that maternal obesity, without diabetes, is also a risk factor for obesity in the child, due to fetal over-nutrition effects. Maternal smoking is associated with an increased risk of obesity in the children, though a causal link has not been proven. Other fetal exposures associated with increased adiposity in animals include glucocorticoids and endocrine disruptors. Reversing the current obesity epidemic will require greater attention to, and better understanding of, these inter-generational (mother-offspring) factors that programme body composition during early development. |
| Related Links | http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/03014460.2011.592513 |
| Ending Page | 428 |
| Page Count | 19 |
| Starting Page | 410 |
| File Format | |
| ISSN | 03014460 |
| e-ISSN | 14645033 |
| Journal | Annals of human biology |
| Issue Number | 4 |
| Volume Number | 38 |
| Language | English |
| Publisher Date | 2011-07-01 |
| Access Restriction | Open |
| Subject Keyword | Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health Genetics Ageing Epidemiology Physiology Research in Higher Education |
| Content Type | Text |
| Resource Type | Article |
| Subject | Genetics Physiology Aging Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health Epidemiology |
