NDLI: β-Catenin signaling initiates the activation of astrocytes and its dysregulation contributes to the pathogenesis of astrocytomas

Content Provider	PubMed Central
Author	Yang, Chunzhang Iyer, Rajiv R. Yu, Albert C. H. Yong, Raymund L. Park, Deric M. Weil, Robert J. Ikejiri, Barbara Brady, Roscoe O. Lonser, Russell R. Zhuang, Zhengping
Abstract	Astrocytes are the most abundant cell of the CNS and demonstrate contact inhibition in which a nonproliferative, nonmotile cellular state is achieved once stable intercellular contacts are formed between mature cells. Cellular injury disrupts these intercellular contacts, causing a loss of contact inhibition and the rapid initiation of healing. Dysregulation of the molecular pathways involved in this process is thought to lead to an aggressive cellular state associated with neoplasia. We investigated whether a comparable correlation exists between the response of astrocytes to injury and the malignant phenotype of astrocytomas. We discovered that the loss of contact inhibition plays a critical role in the initiation and regulation of reactive astrocytes in the healing of wounds. In particular, injury of the astrocytes interrupts and destabilizes the cadherin-catenin complexes at the cell membrane leading to nuclear translocation of β-catenin and characteristic changes associated with the activation of astrocytes. Similar signaling pathways are found to be active—but dysregulated—in astrocytomas. Inhibition of β-catenin signaling diminished both the response of astrocytes to injury and induction of the malignant phenotype of astrocytomas. The findings shed light on a unique mechanism associated with the pathogenesis of astrocytomas and provide a model for the loss of contact inhibition that may broadly apply to understanding the mechanisms of tissue repair and tumorigenesis in the brain.
Related Links	http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1118754109
Ending Page	6968
Page Count	6
Starting Page	6963
File Format	PDF
ISSN	00278424
e-ISSN	10916490
Journal	Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
Issue Number	18
Volume Number	109
Language	English
Publisher	National Academy of Sciences
Publisher Date	2012-05-01
Access Restriction	Open
Rights Holder	National Academy of Sciences
Subject Keyword	General Research in Higher Education
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Multidisciplinary

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1	Ministry of Education (GoI), Department of Higher Education	Sanctioning Authority	https://www.education.gov.in/ict-initiatives
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3	National Digital Library of India Office, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur	The administrative and infrastructural headquarters of the project	Dr. B. Sutradhar bsutra@ndl.gov.in
4	Project PI / Joint PI	Principal Investigator and Joint Principal Investigators of the project	Dr. B. Sutradhar bsutra@ndl.gov.in Prof. Saswat Chakrabarti will be added soon
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