NDLI: Proline Utilization by Bacillus subtilis: Uptake and Catabolism

Content Provider	PubMed Central
Author	Moses, Susanne Sinner, Tatjana Zaprasis, Adrienne Nadine, Stöveken Hoffmann, Tamara Belitsky, Boris R. Sonenshein, Abraham L. Bremer, Erhard
Copyright Year	2012
Abstract	l-Proline can be used by Bacillus subtilis as a sole source of carbon or nitrogen. We traced l-proline utilization genetically to the putBCP (ycgMNO) locus. The putBCP gene cluster encodes a high-affinity proline transporter (PutP) and two enzymes, the proline dehydrogenase PutB and the Δ1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate dehydrogenase PutC, which jointly catabolize l-proline to l-glutamate. Northern blotting, primer extension, and putB-treA reporter gene fusion analysis showed that the putBCP locus is transcribed as an l-proline-inducible operon. Its expression was mediated by a SigA-type promoter and was dependent on the proline-responsive PutR activator protein. Induction of putBCP expression was triggered by the presence of submillimolar concentrations of l-proline in the growth medium. However, the very large quantities of l-proline (up to several hundred millimolar) synthesized by B. subtilis as a stress protectant against high osmolarity did not induce putBCP transcription. Induction of putBCP transcription by external l-proline was not dependent on l-proline uptake via the substrate-inducible PutP or the osmotically inducible OpuE transporter. It was also not dependent on the chemoreceptor protein McpC required for chemotaxis toward l-proline. Our findings imply that B. subtilis can distinguish externally supplied l-proline from internal l-proline pools generated through de novo synthesis. The molecular basis of this regulatory phenomenon is not understood. However, it provides the B. subtilis cell with a means to avoid a futile cycle of de novo l-proline synthesis and consumption by not triggering the expression of the putBCP l-proline catabolic genes in response to the osmoadaptive production of the compatible solute l-proline.
Related Links	http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/JB.06380-11
Starting Page	745
File Format	PDF
ISSN	10985530
e-ISSN	10985530
Journal	Journal of Bacteriology
Issue Number	4
Volume Number	194
Language	English
Publisher	American Society for Microbiology
Publisher Date	2012-02-01
Access Restriction	Open
Rights Holder	American Society for Microbiology
Subject Keyword	Research in Higher Education
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Molecular Biology Microbiology

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