NDLI: Deep sequencing of virus-infected cells reveals HIV-encoded small RNAs

Content Provider	PubMed Central
Author	Schopman, Nick C. T. Willemsen, Marcel Liu, Ying Poi Bradley, Ted Kampen, Antoine Van Baas, Frank Berkhout, Ben Joost, Haasnoot
Copyright Year	2011
Abstract	Small virus-derived interfering RNAs (viRNAs) play an important role in antiviral defence in plants, insects and nematodes by triggering the RNA interference (RNAi) pathway. The role of RNAi as an antiviral defence mechanism in mammalian cells has been obscure due to the lack of viRNA detection. Although viRNAs from different mammalian viruses have recently been identified, their functions and possible impact on viral replication remain unknown. To identify viRNAs derived from HIV-1, we used the extremely sensitive SOLiDTM 3 Plus System to analyse viRNA accumulation in HIV-1-infected T lymphocytes. We detected numerous small RNAs that correspond to the HIV-1 RNA genome. The majority of these sequences have a positive polarity (98.1%) and could be derived from miRNAs encoded by structured segments of the HIV-1 RNA genome (vmiRNAs). A small portion of the viRNAs is of negative polarity and most of them are encoded within the 3′-UTR, which may represent viral siRNAs (vsiRNAs). The identified vsiRNAs can potently repress HIV-1 production, whereas suppression of the vsiRNAs by antagomirs stimulate virus production. These results suggest that HIV-1 triggers the production of vsiRNAs and vmiRNAs to modulate cellular and/or viral gene expression.
Related Links	http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/nar/gkr719
Starting Page	414
File Format	PDF
ISSN	13624962
e-ISSN	13624962
Journal	Nucleic Acids Research
Issue Number	1
Volume Number	40
Language	English
Publisher	Oxford University Press
Publisher Date	2012-01-01
Access Restriction	Open
Rights Holder	Oxford University Press
Subject Keyword	Research in Higher Education
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Genetics

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