NDLI: HIV-1 Tat Protein Promotes Neuronal Dysfunction through Disruption of MicroRNAs*

Content Provider	PubMed Central
Author	Chang, J. Robert Mukerjee, Ruma Bagashev, Asen Valle, Luis Del Chabrashvili, Tinatin Hawkins, Brian J. He, Johnny J. Sawaya, Bassel E.
Copyright Year	2011
Abstract	Over the last decade, small noncoding RNA molecules such as microRNAs (miRNAs) have emerged as critical regulators in the expression and function of eukaryotic genomes. It has been suggested that viral infections and neurological disease outcome may also be shaped by the influence of small RNAs. This has prompted us to suggest that HIV infection alters the endogenous miRNA expression patterns, thereby contributing to neuronal deregulation and AIDS dementia. Therefore, using primary cultures and neuronal cell lines, we examined the impact of a viral protein (HIV-1 Tat) on the expression of miRNAs due to its characteristic features such as release from the infected cells and taken up by noninfected cells. Using microRNA array assay, we demonstrated that Tat deregulates the levels of several miRNAs. Interestingly, miR-34a was among the most highly induced miRNAs in Tat-treated neurons. Tat also decreases the levels of miR-34a target genes such as CREB protein as shown by real time PCR. The effect of Tat was neutralized in the presence of anti-miR-34a. Using in situ hybridization assay, we found that the levels of miR-34a increase in Tat transgenic mice when compared with the parental mice. Therefore, we conclude that deregulation of neuronal functions by HIV-1 Tat protein is miRNA-dependent.
Related Links	http://dx.doi.org/10.1074/jbc.m111.268466
Ending Page	41134
Page Count	10
Starting Page	41125
File Format	PDF
ISSN	00219258
e-ISSN	1083351X
Journal	The Journal of Biological Chemistry
Issue Number	47
Volume Number	286
Language	English
Publisher	American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology
Publisher Date	2011-11-25
Access Restriction	Open
Rights Holder	American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology
Subject Keyword	Cell Biology Biochemistry Molecular Biology Research in Higher Education
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Cell Biology Biochemistry Molecular Biology

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