NDLI: A new role for the parahippocampal cortex in representing space

Content Provider	PubMed Central
Author	Mullally, Sinéad L. Maguire, Eleanor A.
Abstract	The debate surrounding the function of the human posterior parahippocampal cortex (PHC) is currently dominated by two competing theories. The spatial layout hypothesis proposes that PHC processes information about the shape of space embodied in layout-defining scene features. The contextual association hypothesis rejects this notion, proposing instead that PHC responds to highly contextualised, but not necessarily spatial, stimuli. Here we present a novel concept which suggests that PHC is primarily concerned with any representation that depicts 3D local space, be that scenes or even single objects. Specifically we identified space-defining (SD) and space-ambiguous (SA) single objects, where SD objects consistently evoke a strong sense of the surrounding space whilst SA objects do not, in the absence of any background, spatial layout or context. We found that participants could easily identify and distinguish between SD and SA objects. This distinction was subsequently affirmed at a neural level, where visualising or viewing single SD objects compared with SA objects engaged PHC, despite these single SD objects offering no information about the shape or layout of the space. Moreover, this PHC response was robust, and not accounted for by other factors including contextual associations. Instead it was linked to intrinsic object properties, specifically, a combination of perceived object size and portability. By showing that PHC is responsive to the awareness of surrounding local space suggests its role in scene processing is basic and fundamental such that it is not dependent on complex scene properties such as geometric structure, scene schema or contextual associations.
Related Links	http://dx.doi.org/10.1523/jneurosci.0267-11.2011
Ending Page	7449
Page Count	9
Starting Page	7441
File Format	PDF
ISSN	02706474
e-ISSN	15292401
Journal	The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience
Issue Number	20
Volume Number	31
Language	English
Publisher Date	2011-05-18
Access Restriction	Open
Subject Keyword	Neuroscience(all) Research in Higher Education
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Neuroscience

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